2 * Novacoin classes library
3 * Copyright (C) 2015 Alex D. (balthazar.ad@gmail.com)
5 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
8 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
16 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
25 using SQLite.Net.Interop;
26 using SQLite.Net.Platform.Generic;
27 using System.Collections.Generic;
29 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
34 public class CBlockStore : IDisposable
36 public const uint nMagicNumber = 0xe5e9e8e4;
38 private bool disposed = false;
39 private object LockObj = new object();
42 /// SQLite connection object.
44 private SQLiteConnection dbConn;
47 /// Current SQLite platform
49 private ISQLitePlatform dbPlatform;
54 private string strBlockFile;
57 /// Index database file.
59 private string strDbFile;
62 /// Map of block tree nodes.
64 /// blockHash => CBlockStoreItem
66 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlockStoreItem> blockMap = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlockStoreItem>();
69 /// Orphaned blocks map.
71 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock> orphanMap = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock>();
72 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock> orphanMapByPrev = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock>();
75 /// Unconfirmed transactions.
77 /// TxID => Transaction
79 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CTransaction> mapUnconfirmedTx = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CTransaction>();
82 /// Map of the proof-of-stake hashes. This is necessary for stake duplication checks.
84 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, uint256> mapProofOfStake = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, uint256>();
87 private ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint> mapStakeSeen = new ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint>();
88 private ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint> mapStakeSeenOrphan = new ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint>();
92 /// Copy of chain state object.
94 private ChainState ChainParams;
97 /// Cursor which is pointing us to the end of best chain.
99 private CBlockStoreItem bestBlockCursor = null;
102 /// Cursor which is always pointing us to genesis block.
104 private CBlockStoreItem genesisBlockCursor = null;
107 /// Current and the only instance of block storage manager. Should be a property with private setter though it's enough for the beginning.
109 public static CBlockStore Instance = null;
112 /// Block file stream with read/write access
114 private Stream fStreamReadWrite;
115 private uint nTimeBestReceived;
116 private int nTransactionsUpdated;
119 /// Init the block storage manager.
121 /// <param name="IndexDB">Path to index database</param>
122 /// <param name="BlockFile">Path to block file</param>
123 public CBlockStore(string IndexDB = "blockstore.dat", string BlockFile = "blk0001.dat")
126 strBlockFile = BlockFile;
128 bool firstInit = !File.Exists(strDbFile);
129 dbPlatform = new SQLitePlatformGeneric();
130 dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(dbPlatform, strDbFile);
132 fStreamReadWrite = File.Open(strBlockFile, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
141 dbConn.CreateTable<CBlockStoreItem>(CreateFlags.AutoIncPK);
142 dbConn.CreateTable<CMerkleNode>(CreateFlags.AutoIncPK);
143 dbConn.CreateTable<TxOutItem>(CreateFlags.ImplicitPK);
144 dbConn.CreateTable<ChainState>(CreateFlags.AutoIncPK);
146 ChainParams = new ChainState()
153 dbConn.Insert(ChainParams);
155 var genesisBlock = new CBlock(
157 "01000000" + // nVersion=1
158 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + // prevhash is zero
159 "7b0502ad2f9f675528183f83d6385794fbcaa914e6d385c6cb1d866a3b3bb34c" + // merkle root
160 "398e1151" + // nTime=1360105017
161 "ffff0f1e" + // nBits=0x1e0fffff
162 "d3091800" + // nNonce=1575379
164 "01000000" + // nVersion=1
165 "398e1151" + // nTime=1360105017
167 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + // input txid is zero
168 "ffffffff" + // n=uint.maxValue
169 "4d" + // scriptSigLen=77
170 "04ffff001d020f274468747470733a2f2f626974636f696e74616c6b2e6f72672f696e6465782e7068703f746f7069633d3133343137392e6d736731353032313936236d736731353032313936" + // scriptSig
171 "ffffffff" + // nSequence=uint.maxValue
173 "0000000000000000" + // nValue=0
174 "00" + // scriptPubkeyLen=0
175 "00000000" + // nLockTime=0
179 // Write block to file.
180 var itemTemplate = new CBlockStoreItem()
185 itemTemplate.FillHeader(genesisBlock.header);
187 if (!AddItemToIndex(ref itemTemplate, ref genesisBlock))
189 throw new Exception("Unable to write genesis block");
195 var blockTreeItems = dbConn.Query<CBlockStoreItem>("select * from [BlockStorage] order by [ItemId] asc");
197 // Init list of block items
198 foreach (var item in blockTreeItems)
200 blockMap.TryAdd(item.Hash, item);
202 if (item.IsProofOfStake)
204 // build mapStakeSeen
205 mapStakeSeen.TryAdd(item.prevoutStake, item.nStakeTime);
209 // Load data about the top node.
210 ChainParams = dbConn.Table<ChainState>().First();
214 public bool GetTxOutCursor(COutPoint outpoint, ref TxOutItem txOutCursor)
216 var queryResults = dbConn.Query<TxOutItem>("select o.* from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on (m.nMerkleNodeID = o.nMerkleNodeID) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])outpoint.hash);
218 if (queryResults.Count == 1)
220 txOutCursor = queryResults[0];
230 public bool FetchInputs(CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> queued, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> inputs, bool IsBlock, out bool Invalid)
236 // Coinbase transactions have no inputs to fetch.
240 StringBuilder queryBuilder = new StringBuilder();
242 queryBuilder.Append("select o.*, m.[TransactionHash] from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on (m.[nMerkleNodeID] = o.[nMerkleNodeID]) where ");
244 for (var i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++)
246 queryBuilder.AppendFormat(" {0} (m.[TransactionHash] = x'{1}' and o.[OutputNumber] = x'{2}')",
247 (i > 0 ? "or" : string.Empty), Interop.ToHex(tx.vin[i].prevout.hash),
248 Interop.ToHex(VarInt.EncodeVarInt(tx.vin[i].prevout.n)
252 var queryResults = dbConn.Query<InputsJoin>(queryBuilder.ToString());
254 foreach (var item in queryResults)
258 return false; // Already spent
261 var inputsKey = new COutPoint(item.TransactionHash, item.nOut);
263 // Add output data to dictionary
264 inputs.Add(inputsKey, item.getTxOutItem());
267 if (queryResults.Count < tx.vin.Length)
271 // It seems that some transactions are being spent in the same block.
273 foreach (var txin in tx.vin)
275 var outPoint = txin.prevout;
277 if (!queued.ContainsKey(outPoint))
279 return false; // No such transaction
282 // Add output data to dictionary
283 inputs.Add(outPoint, queued[outPoint]);
285 // Mark output as spent
286 // queued[outPoint].IsSpent = true;
291 // Unconfirmed transaction
293 foreach (var txin in tx.vin)
295 var outPoint = txin.prevout;
298 if (!mapUnconfirmedTx.TryGetValue(outPoint.hash, out txPrev))
300 return false; // No such transaction
303 if (outPoint.n > txPrev.vout.Length)
307 return false; // nOut is out of range
310 // TODO: return inputs from map
311 throw new NotImplementedException();
322 private bool AddItemToIndex(ref CBlockStoreItem itemTemplate, ref CBlock block)
324 uint256 blockHash = itemTemplate.Hash;
326 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(blockHash))
328 // Already have this block.
333 dbConn.BeginTransaction();
335 // Compute chain trust score
336 itemTemplate.nChainTrust = (itemTemplate.prev != null ? itemTemplate.prev.nChainTrust : 0) + itemTemplate.nBlockTrust;
338 if (!itemTemplate.SetStakeEntropyBit(Entropy.GetStakeEntropyBit(itemTemplate.nHeight, blockHash)))
340 return false; // SetStakeEntropyBit() failed
343 // Save proof-of-stake hash value
344 if (itemTemplate.IsProofOfStake)
346 uint256 hashProofOfStake;
347 if (!GetProofOfStakeHash(blockHash, out hashProofOfStake))
349 return false; // hashProofOfStake not found
351 itemTemplate.hashProofOfStake = hashProofOfStake;
354 // compute stake modifier
355 long nStakeModifier = 0;
356 bool fGeneratedStakeModifier = false;
357 if (!StakeModifier.ComputeNextStakeModifier(itemTemplate, ref nStakeModifier, ref fGeneratedStakeModifier))
359 return false; // ComputeNextStakeModifier() failed
362 itemTemplate.SetStakeModifier(nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier);
363 itemTemplate.nStakeModifierChecksum = StakeModifier.GetStakeModifierChecksum(itemTemplate);
365 // TODO: verify stake modifier checkpoints
368 if (block.IsProofOfStake)
370 itemTemplate.SetProofOfStake();
372 itemTemplate.prevoutStake = block.vtx[1].vin[0].prevout;
373 itemTemplate.nStakeTime = block.vtx[1].nTime;
376 if (!itemTemplate.WriteToFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, ref block))
381 if (dbConn.Insert(itemTemplate) == 0)
383 return false; // Insert failed
387 itemTemplate.ItemID = dbPlatform.SQLiteApi.LastInsertRowid(dbConn.Handle);
389 if (!blockMap.TryAdd(blockHash, itemTemplate))
391 return false; // blockMap add failed
394 if (itemTemplate.nChainTrust > ChainParams.nBestChainTrust)
398 if (!SetBestChain(ref itemTemplate))
400 return false; // SetBestChain failed.
404 // Commit transaction
410 private bool SetBestChain(ref CBlockStoreItem cursor)
412 uint256 hashBlock = cursor.Hash;
414 if (genesisBlockCursor == null && hashBlock == NetInfo.nHashGenesisBlock)
416 genesisBlockCursor = cursor;
418 else if (ChainParams.nHashBestChain == (uint256)cursor.prevHash)
420 if (!SetBestChainInner(cursor))
427 // the first block in the new chain that will cause it to become the new best chain
428 var cursorIntermediate = cursor;
430 // list of blocks that need to be connected afterwards
431 var secondary = new List<CBlockStoreItem>();
433 // Reorganize is costly in terms of db load, as it works in a single db transaction.
434 // Try to limit how much needs to be done inside
435 while (cursorIntermediate.prev != null && cursorIntermediate.prev.nChainTrust > bestBlockCursor.nChainTrust)
437 secondary.Add(cursorIntermediate);
438 cursorIntermediate = cursorIntermediate.prev;
441 // Switch to new best branch
442 if (!Reorganize(cursorIntermediate))
444 InvalidChainFound(cursor);
445 return false; // reorganize failed
448 // Connect further blocks
449 foreach (var currentCursor in secondary)
452 if (!currentCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
454 // ReadFromDisk failed
458 // errors now are not fatal, we still did a reorganisation to a new chain in a valid way
459 if (!SetBestChainInner(currentCursor))
466 bestBlockCursor = cursor;
467 nTimeBestReceived = Interop.GetTime();
468 nTransactionsUpdated++;
473 private void InvalidChainFound(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
475 throw new NotImplementedException();
478 private bool Reorganize(CBlockStoreItem cursorIntermediate)
481 var fork = bestBlockCursor;
482 var longer = cursorIntermediate;
484 while (fork.ItemID != longer.ItemID)
486 while (longer.nHeight > fork.nHeight)
488 if ((longer = longer.prev) == null)
490 return false; // longer.prev is null
494 if (fork.ItemID == longer.ItemID)
499 if ((fork = fork.prev) == null)
501 return false; // fork.prev is null
505 // List of what to disconnect
506 var disconnect = new List<CBlockStoreItem>();
507 for (var cursor = bestBlockCursor; cursor.ItemID != fork.ItemID; cursor = cursor.prev)
509 disconnect.Add(cursor);
512 // List of what to connect
513 var connect = new List<CBlockStoreItem>();
514 for (var cursor = cursorIntermediate; cursor.ItemID != fork.ItemID; cursor = cursor.prev)
520 // Disconnect shorter branch
521 var txResurrect = new List<CTransaction>();
522 foreach (var blockCursor in disconnect)
525 if (!blockCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
527 return false; // ReadFromFile for disconnect failed.
529 if (!DisconnectBlock(blockCursor, ref block))
531 return false; // DisconnectBlock failed.
534 // Queue memory transactions to resurrect
535 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
537 if (!tx.IsCoinBase && !tx.IsCoinStake)
545 // Connect longer branch
546 var txDelete = new List<CTransaction>();
547 foreach (var cursor in connect)
550 if (!cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
552 return false; // ReadFromDisk for connect failed
555 if (!ConnectBlock(cursor, ref block))
558 return false; // ConnectBlock failed
561 // Queue memory transactions to delete
562 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
568 if (!UpdateTopChain(cursorIntermediate))
570 return false; // UpdateTopChain failed
573 // Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch
574 foreach (var tx in txResurrect)
576 mapUnconfirmedTx.TryAdd(tx.Hash, tx);
579 // Delete redundant memory transactions that are in the connected branch
580 foreach (var tx in txDelete)
583 mapUnconfirmedTx.TryRemove(tx.Hash, out dummy);
589 private bool DisconnectBlock(CBlockStoreItem blockCursor, ref CBlock block)
591 throw new NotImplementedException();
594 private bool SetBestChainInner(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
596 uint256 hash = cursor.Hash;
598 if (!cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
600 return false; // Unable to read block from file.
603 // Adding to current best branch
604 if (!ConnectBlock(cursor, ref block) || !UpdateTopChain(cursor))
606 InvalidChainFound(cursor);
610 // Add to current best branch
611 cursor.prev.next = cursor;
613 // Delete redundant memory transactions
614 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
617 mapUnconfirmedTx.TryRemove(tx.Hash, out dummy);
623 private bool ConnectBlock(CBlockStoreItem cursor, ref CBlock block, bool fJustCheck = false)
625 // Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in, but skip BlockSig checking
626 if (!block.CheckBlock(!fJustCheck, !fJustCheck, false))
628 return false; // Invalid block found.
631 bool fScriptChecks = cursor.nHeight >= Checkpoints.TotalBlocksEstimate;
632 var scriptFlags = scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_NOCACHE | scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH;
639 var queuedMerkleNodes = new Dictionary<uint256, CMerkleNode>();
640 var queuedOutputs = new Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem>();
642 for (var nTx = 0; nTx < block.vtx.Length; nTx++)
644 var tx = block.vtx[nTx];
645 var hashTx = tx.Hash;
647 if (!queuedMerkleNodes.ContainsKey(hashTx))
649 var nTxPos = cursor.nBlockPos + block.GetTxOffset(nTx);
650 var mNode = new CMerkleNode(cursor.ItemID, nTxPos, tx);
652 queuedMerkleNodes.Add(hashTx, mNode);
655 Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> txouts;
656 if (GetOutputs(hashTx, out txouts))
658 // Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
659 // unless those are already completely spent.
663 nSigOps += tx.LegacySigOpCount;
664 if (nSigOps > CBlock.nMaxSigOps)
666 return false; // too many sigops
669 var inputs = new Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem>();
673 nValueOut += tx.nValueOut;
678 if (!FetchInputs(tx, ref queuedOutputs, ref inputs, true, out Invalid))
680 return false; // Unable to fetch some inputs.
683 // Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs;
684 // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating
685 // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block.
686 nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(ref inputs);
687 if (nSigOps > CBlock.nMaxSigOps)
689 return false; // too many sigops
692 ulong nTxValueIn = tx.GetValueIn(ref inputs);
693 ulong nTxValueOut = tx.nValueOut;
695 nValueIn += nTxValueIn;
696 nValueOut += nTxValueOut;
700 nFees += nTxValueIn - nTxValueOut;
703 if (!ConnectInputs(tx, ref inputs, ref queuedOutputs, ref cursor, true, fScriptChecks, scriptFlags))
709 for (var i = 0u; i < tx.vout.Length; i++)
711 var outKey = new COutPoint(hashTx, i);
712 var outData = new TxOutItem()
715 nValue = tx.vout[i].nValue,
716 scriptPubKey = tx.vout[i].scriptPubKey,
721 queuedOutputs.Add(outKey, outData);
725 if (!block.IsProofOfStake)
727 ulong nBlockReward = CBlock.GetProofOfWorkReward(cursor.nBits, nFees);
729 // Check coinbase reward
730 if (block.vtx[0].nValueOut > nBlockReward)
732 return false; // coinbase reward exceeded
736 cursor.nMint = (long)(nValueOut - nValueIn + nFees);
737 cursor.nMoneySupply = (cursor.prev != null ? cursor.prev.nMoneySupply : 0) + (long)nValueOut - (long)nValueIn;
739 if (!UpdateDBCursor(ref cursor))
741 return false; // Unable to commit changes
749 // Flush merkle nodes.
750 var savedMerkleNodes = new Dictionary<uint256, CMerkleNode>();
751 foreach (var merklePair in queuedMerkleNodes)
753 var merkleNode = merklePair.Value;
755 if (!SaveMerkleNode(ref merkleNode))
757 // Unable to save merkle tree cursor.
761 savedMerkleNodes.Add(merklePair.Key, merkleNode);
764 // Write queued transaction changes
765 var newOutpointItems = new List<TxOutItem>();
766 var updatedOutpointItems = new List<TxOutItem>();
767 foreach (var outPair in queuedOutputs)
769 var outItem = outPair.Value;
771 if (outItem.nMerkleNodeID == -1)
773 // This outpoint doesn't exist yet, adding to insert list.
775 outItem.nMerkleNodeID = savedMerkleNodes[outPair.Key.hash].nMerkleNodeID;
776 newOutpointItems.Add(outItem);
780 // This outpount already exists, adding to update list.
782 updatedOutpointItems.Add(outItem);
786 if (updatedOutpointItems.Count != 0 && !UpdateOutpoints(ref updatedOutpointItems))
788 return false; // Unable to update outpoints
791 if (newOutpointItems.Count != 0 && !InsertOutpoints(ref newOutpointItems))
793 return false; // Unable to insert outpoints
800 /// Insert set of new outpoints
802 /// <param name="newOutpointItems">List of TxOutItem objects.</param>
803 /// <returns>Result</returns>
804 private bool InsertOutpoints(ref List<TxOutItem> newOutpointItems)
806 return (dbConn.InsertAll(newOutpointItems, false) != 0);
811 /// Update set of outpoints
813 /// <param name="queuedOutpointItems">List of TxOutItem objects.</param>
814 /// <returns>Result</returns>
815 private bool UpdateOutpoints(ref List<TxOutItem> updatedOutpointItems)
817 return (dbConn.UpdateAll(updatedOutpointItems, false) != 0);
821 /// Insert merkle node into db and set actual record id value.
823 /// <param name="merkleNode">Merkle node object reference.</param>
824 /// <returns>Result</returns>
825 private bool SaveMerkleNode(ref CMerkleNode merkleNode)
827 if (dbConn.Insert(merkleNode) == 0)
832 merkleNode.nMerkleNodeID = dbPlatform.SQLiteApi.LastInsertRowid(dbConn.Handle);
837 private bool ConnectInputs(CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> inputs, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> queued, ref CBlockStoreItem cursorBlock, bool fBlock, bool fScriptChecks, scriptflag scriptFlags)
839 // Take over previous transactions' spent items
840 // fBlock is true when this is called from AcceptBlock when a new best-block is added to the blockchain
846 for (uint i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++)
848 var prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
849 Contract.Assert(inputs.ContainsKey(prevout));
850 var input = inputs[prevout];
852 CBlockStoreItem parentBlockCursor;
854 if (input.nMerkleNodeID == -1)
856 // This input seems as is confirmed by the same block.
858 if (!queued.ContainsKey(prevout))
860 return false; // No such output has been queued by this block.
863 // TODO: Ensure that neither coinbase nor coinstake outputs are
864 // available for spending in the generation block.
868 // This input has been confirmed by one of the earlier accepted blocks.
870 var merkleItem = GetMerkleCursor(input, out parentBlockCursor);
872 if (merkleItem == null)
874 return false; // Unable to find merkle node
877 // If prev is coinbase or coinstake, check that it's matured
878 if (merkleItem.IsCoinBase || merkleItem.IsCoinStake)
880 if (cursorBlock.nHeight - parentBlockCursor.nHeight < NetInfo.nGeneratedMaturity)
882 return false; // tried to spend non-matured generation input.
886 // check transaction timestamp
887 if (merkleItem.nTime > tx.nTime)
889 return false; // transaction timestamp earlier than input transaction
893 // Check for negative or overflow input values
894 nValueIn += input.nValue;
895 if (!CTransaction.MoneyRange(input.nValue) || !CTransaction.MoneyRange(nValueIn))
897 return false; // txin values out of range
902 // The first loop above does all the inexpensive checks.
903 // Only if ALL inputs pass do we perform expensive ECDSA signature checks.
904 // Helps prevent CPU exhaustion attacks.
905 for (int i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++)
907 var prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
908 Contract.Assert(inputs.ContainsKey(prevout));
909 var input = inputs[prevout];
911 // Check for conflicts (double-spend)
917 // Skip ECDSA signature verification when connecting blocks (fBlock=true)
918 // before the last blockchain checkpoint. This is safe because block merkle hashes are
919 // still computed and checked, and any change will be caught at the next checkpoint.
923 if (!ScriptCode.VerifyScript(tx.vin[i].scriptSig, input.scriptPubKey, tx, i, (int)scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH, 0))
925 return false; // VerifyScript failed.
929 // Mark outpoint as spent
930 input.IsSpent = true;
931 inputs[prevout] = input;
936 if (input.nMerkleNodeID != -1)
938 // Input has been confirmed earlier.
939 queued.Add(prevout, input);
943 // Input has been confirmed by current block.
944 queued[prevout] = input;
951 // ppcoin: coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee
953 if (!tx.GetCoinAge(ref inputs, out nCoinAge))
955 return false; // unable to get coin age for coinstake
958 ulong nReward = tx.nValueOut - nValueIn;
960 ulong nCalculatedReward = CBlock.GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, cursorBlock.nBits, tx.nTime) - tx.GetMinFee(1, false, CTransaction.MinFeeMode.GMF_BLOCK) + CTransaction.nCent;
962 if (nReward > nCalculatedReward)
964 return false; // coinstake pays too much
969 if (nValueIn < tx.nValueOut)
971 return false; // value in < value out
974 // Tally transaction fees
975 ulong nTxFee = nValueIn - tx.nValueOut;
978 return false; // nTxFee < 0
983 if (!CTransaction.MoneyRange(nFees))
985 return false; // nFees out of range
996 /// Set new top node or current best chain.
998 /// <param name="cursor"></param>
999 /// <returns></returns>
1000 private bool UpdateTopChain(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
1002 ChainParams.HashBestChain = cursor.Hash;
1003 ChainParams.nBestChainTrust = cursor.nChainTrust;
1004 ChainParams.nBestHeight = cursor.nHeight;
1006 return dbConn.Update(ChainParams) != 0;
1010 /// Try to find proof-of-stake hash in the map.
1012 /// <param name="blockHash">Block hash</param>
1013 /// <param name="hashProofOfStake">Proof-of-stake hash</param>
1014 /// <returns>Proof-of-Stake hash value</returns>
1015 private bool GetProofOfStakeHash(uint256 blockHash, out uint256 hashProofOfStake)
1017 return mapProofOfStake.TryGetValue(blockHash, out hashProofOfStake);
1020 public bool AcceptBlock(ref CBlock block)
1022 uint256 nHash = block.header.Hash;
1024 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(nHash))
1026 // Already have this block.
1030 CBlockStoreItem prevBlockCursor = null;
1031 if (!blockMap.TryGetValue(block.header.prevHash, out prevBlockCursor))
1033 // Unable to get the cursor.
1037 var prevBlockHeader = prevBlockCursor.BlockHeader;
1039 // TODO: proof-of-work/proof-of-stake verification
1040 uint nHeight = prevBlockCursor.nHeight + 1;
1042 // Check timestamp against prev
1043 if (NetInfo.FutureDrift(block.header.nTime) < prevBlockHeader.nTime)
1045 // block's timestamp is too early
1049 // Check that all transactions are finalized
1050 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
1052 if (!tx.IsFinal(nHeight, block.header.nTime))
1058 // TODO: Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
1060 // Write block to file.
1061 var itemTemplate = new CBlockStoreItem()
1066 itemTemplate.FillHeader(block.header);
1068 if (!AddItemToIndex(ref itemTemplate, ref block))
1079 /// GEt block by hash.
1081 /// <param name="blockHash">Block hash</param>
1082 /// <param name="block">Block object reference</param>
1083 /// <param name="nBlockPos">Block position reference</param>
1084 /// <returns>Result</returns>
1085 public bool GetBlock(uint256 blockHash, ref CBlock block, ref long nBlockPos)
1087 CBlockStoreItem cursor;
1089 if (!blockMap.TryGetValue(blockHash, out cursor))
1091 return false; // Unable to fetch block cursor
1094 nBlockPos = cursor.nBlockPos;
1096 return cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block);
1100 /// Get block and transaction by transaction hash.
1102 /// <param name="TxID">Transaction hash</param>
1103 /// <param name="block">Block reference</param>
1104 /// <param name="nBlockPos">Block position reference</param>
1105 /// <returns>Result of operation</returns>
1106 public bool GetBlockByTransactionID(uint256 TxID, ref CBlock block, ref long nBlockPos)
1108 var queryResult = dbConn.Query<CBlockStoreItem>("select b.* from [BlockStorage] b left join [MerkleNodes] m on (b.[ItemID] = m.[nParentBlockID]) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])TxID);
1110 if (queryResult.Count == 1)
1112 CBlockStoreItem blockCursor = queryResult[0];
1114 return blockCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block);
1122 public bool GetOutputs(uint256 transactionHash, out Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> txouts, bool fUnspentOnly=true)
1126 var queryParams = new object[] { (byte[])transactionHash, fUnspentOnly ? OutputFlags.AVAILABLE : (OutputFlags.AVAILABLE | OutputFlags.SPENT) };
1127 var queryResult = dbConn.Query<TxOutItem>("select o.* from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on m.[nMerkleNodeID] = o.[nMerkleNodeID] where m.[TransactionHash] = ? and outputFlags = ?", queryParams);
1129 if (queryResult.Count != 0)
1131 txouts = new Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem>();
1133 foreach (var o in queryResult)
1135 var outpointKey = new COutPoint(transactionHash, o.nOut);
1136 var outpointData = o;
1138 txouts.Add(outpointKey, outpointData);
1141 // There are some unspent inputs.
1145 // This transaction has been spent completely.
1150 /// Get block cursor from map.
1152 /// <param name="blockHash">block hash</param>
1153 /// <returns>Cursor or null</returns>
1154 public CBlockStoreItem GetMapCursor(uint256 blockHash)
1158 // Genesis block has zero prevHash and no parent.
1162 CBlockStoreItem cursor = null;
1163 blockMap.TryGetValue(blockHash, out cursor);
1169 /// Get merkle node cursor by output metadata.
1171 /// <param name="item">Output metadata object</param>
1172 /// <returns>Merkle node cursor or null</returns>
1173 public CMerkleNode GetMerkleCursor(TxOutItem item, out CBlockStoreItem blockCursor)
1177 // Trying to get cursor from the database.
1178 var QueryMerkleCursor = dbConn.Query<CMerkleNode>("select * from [MerkleNodes] where [nMerkleNodeID] = ?", item.nMerkleNodeID);
1180 if (QueryMerkleCursor.Count == 1)
1182 var merkleNode = QueryMerkleCursor[0];
1185 var results = blockMap.Where(x => x.Value.ItemID == merkleNode.nParentBlockID).Select(x => x.Value).ToArray();
1187 blockCursor = results[0];
1197 /// Load cursor from database.
1199 /// <param name="blockHash">Block hash</param>
1200 /// <returns>Block cursor object</returns>
1201 public CBlockStoreItem GetDBCursor(uint256 blockHash)
1203 // Trying to get cursor from the database.
1204 var QueryBlockCursor = dbConn.Query<CBlockStoreItem>("select * from [BlockStorage] where [Hash] = ?", (byte[])blockHash);
1206 if (QueryBlockCursor.Count == 1)
1208 return QueryBlockCursor[0];
1216 /// Update cursor in memory and on disk.
1218 /// <param name="cursor">Block cursor</param>
1219 /// <returns>Result</returns>
1220 public bool UpdateMapCursor(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
1222 var original = blockMap[cursor.Hash];
1223 return blockMap.TryUpdate(cursor.Hash, cursor, original);
1227 /// Update cursor record in database.
1229 /// <param name="cursor">Block cursor object</param>
1230 /// <returns>Result</returns>
1231 public bool UpdateDBCursor(ref CBlockStoreItem cursor)
1233 return dbConn.Update(cursor) != 0;
1236 public bool ProcessBlock(ref CBlock block)
1238 var blockHash = block.header.Hash;
1240 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(blockHash))
1242 // We already have this block.
1246 if (orphanMap.ContainsKey(blockHash))
1248 // We already have block in the list of orphans.
1252 // TODO: Limited duplicity on stake and reserialization of block signature
1254 if (!block.CheckBlock(true, true, true))
1256 // Preliminary checks failure.
1260 if (block.IsProofOfStake)
1262 if (!block.SignatureOK)
1264 // Proof-of-Stake signature validation failure.
1268 // TODO: proof-of-stake validation
1270 uint256 hashProofOfStake = 0, targetProofOfStake = 0;
1271 if (!StakeModifier.CheckProofOfStake(block.vtx[1], block.header.nBits, ref hashProofOfStake, ref targetProofOfStake))
1273 return false; // do not error here as we expect this during initial block download
1275 if (!mapProofOfStake.ContainsKey(blockHash))
1277 // add to mapProofOfStake
1278 mapProofOfStake.TryAdd(blockHash, hashProofOfStake);
1283 // TODO: difficulty verification
1285 // If don't already have its previous block, shunt it off to holding area until we get it
1286 if (!blockMap.ContainsKey(block.header.prevHash))
1288 if (block.IsProofOfStake)
1290 // TODO: limit duplicity on stake
1293 var block2 = new CBlock(block);
1294 orphanMap.TryAdd(blockHash, block2);
1295 orphanMapByPrev.TryAdd(blockHash, block2);
1300 // Store block to disk
1301 if (!AcceptBlock(ref block))
1307 // Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one
1308 var orphansQueue = new List<uint256>();
1309 orphansQueue.Add(blockHash);
1311 for (int i = 0; i < orphansQueue.Count; i++)
1313 var hashPrev = orphansQueue[i];
1315 foreach (var pair in orphanMap)
1317 var orphanBlock = pair.Value;
1319 if (orphanBlock.header.prevHash == blockHash)
1321 if (AcceptBlock(ref orphanBlock))
1323 orphansQueue.Add(pair.Key);
1327 orphanMap.TryRemove(pair.Key, out dummy1);
1332 orphanMap.TryRemove(hashPrev, out dummy2);
1338 public bool ParseBlockFile(string BlockFile = "bootstrap.dat")
1340 // TODO: Rewrite completely.
1344 var buffer = new byte[CBlock.nMaxBlockSize]; // Max block size is 1Mb
1345 var intBuffer = new byte[4];
1347 var fStream2 = File.OpenRead(BlockFile);
1349 fStream2.Seek(nOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Seek to previous offset + previous block length
1351 while (fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, 4) == 4) // Read magic number
1353 var nMagic = BitConverter.ToUInt32(buffer, 0);
1354 if (nMagic != 0xe5e9e8e4)
1356 throw new Exception("Incorrect magic number.");
1359 var nBytesRead = fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, 4);
1360 if (nBytesRead != 4)
1362 throw new Exception("BLKSZ EOF");
1365 var nBlockSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
1367 nOffset = fStream2.Position;
1369 nBytesRead = fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, nBlockSize);
1371 if (nBytesRead == 0 || nBytesRead != nBlockSize)
1373 throw new Exception("BLK EOF");
1376 var block = new CBlock(buffer);
1377 var hash = block.header.Hash;
1379 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(hash))
1384 if (!ProcessBlock(ref block))
1386 throw new Exception("Invalid block: " + block.header.Hash);
1389 int nCount = blockMap.Count;
1390 Console.WriteLine("nCount={0}, Hash={1}, Time={2}", nCount, block.header.Hash, DateTime.Now); // Commit on each 100th block
1393 if (nCount % 100 == 0 && nCount != 0)
1395 Console.WriteLine("Commit...");
1397 dbConn.BeginTransaction();
1409 public void Dispose()
1412 GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
1415 protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
1421 // Free other state (managed objects).
1423 fStreamReadWrite.Dispose();