#include "init.h"
#include "ui_interface.h"
#include "kernel.h"
+#include "zerocoin/Zerocoin.h"
#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
+
using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
map<uint256, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockIndex;
set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeen;
+libzerocoin::Params* ZCParams;
CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimit(~uint256(0) >> 20); // "standard" scrypt target limit for proof of work, results with 0,000244140625 proof-of-work difficulty
CBigNum bnProofOfStakeLegacyLimit(~uint256(0) >> 24); // proof of stake target limit from block #15000 and until 20 June 2013, results with 0,00390625 proof of stake difficulty
set<pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> > setStakeSeenOrphan;
map<uint256, uint256> mapProofOfStake;
-map<uint256, CDataStream*> mapOrphanTransactions;
-map<uint256, map<uint256, CDataStream*> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;
+map<uint256, CTransaction> mapOrphanTransactions;
+map<uint256, set<uint256> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;
// Constant stuff for coinbase transactions we create:
CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;
// Settings
int64 nTransactionFee = MIN_TX_FEE;
-bool fStakeUsePooledKeys = false;
+int64 nMinimumInputValue = MIN_TX_FEE;
+
+extern enum Checkpoints::CPMode CheckpointsMode;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// mapOrphanTransactions
//
-bool AddOrphanTx(const CDataStream& vMsg)
+bool AddOrphanTx(const CTransaction& tx)
{
- CTransaction tx;
- CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
return false;
- CDataStream* pvMsg = new CDataStream(vMsg);
-
// Ignore big transactions, to avoid a
// send-big-orphans memory exhaustion attack. If a peer has a legitimate
// large transaction with a missing parent then we assume
// have been mined or received.
// 10,000 orphans, each of which is at most 5,000 bytes big is
// at most 500 megabytes of orphans:
- if (pvMsg->size() > 5000)
+
+ size_t nSize = tx.GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION);
+
+ if (nSize > 5000)
{
- printf("ignoring large orphan tx (size: %"PRIszu", hash: %s)\n", pvMsg->size(), hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
- delete pvMsg;
+ printf("ignoring large orphan tx (size: %"PRIszu", hash: %s)\n", nSize, hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
return false;
}
- mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = pvMsg;
+ mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = tx;
BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
- mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(make_pair(hash, pvMsg));
+ mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(hash);
printf("stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %"PRIszu")\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),
mapOrphanTransactions.size());
{
if (!mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
return;
- const CDataStream* pvMsg = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];
- CTransaction tx;
- CDataStream(*pvMsg) >> tx;
+ const CTransaction& tx = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];
BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
{
mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].erase(hash);
if (mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].empty())
mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(txin.prevout.hash);
}
- delete pvMsg;
mapOrphanTransactions.erase(hash);
}
{
// Evict a random orphan:
uint256 randomhash = GetRandHash();
- map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
+ map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
EraseOrphanTx(it->first);
if (txout.IsEmpty() && !IsCoinBase() && !IsCoinStake())
return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout empty for user transaction"));
- // NovaCoin: enforce minimum output amount for user transactions
- // (and for all transactions until 20 Sep 2013)
- if ((!IsCoinBase() || nTime < CHAINCHECKS_SWITCH_TIME)
- && (!txout.IsEmpty()) && txout.nValue < MIN_TXOUT_AMOUNT)
+ // NovaCoin: enforce minimum output amount for user transactions until 1 May 2014 04:00:00 GMT
+ if (!fTestNet && !IsCoinBase() && !txout.IsEmpty() && nTime < OUTPUT_SWITCH_TIME && txout.nValue < MIN_TXOUT_AMOUNT)
return DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue below minimum"));
if (txout.nValue > MAX_MONEY)
}
int64 CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree,
- enum GetMinFee_mode mode) const
+ enum GetMinFee_mode mode, unsigned int nBytes) const
{
// Base fee is either MIN_TX_FEE or MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE
int64 nBaseFee = (mode == GMF_RELAY) ? MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE : MIN_TX_FEE;
- unsigned int nBytes = ::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
unsigned int nNewBlockSize = nBlockSize + nBytes;
int64 nMinFee = (1 + (int64)nBytes / 1000) * nBaseFee;
unsigned int nSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
// Don't accept it if it can't get into a block
- int64 txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, false, GMF_RELAY);
+ int64 txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, false, GMF_RELAY, nSize);
if (nFees < txMinFee)
return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not enough fees %s, %"PRI64d" < %"PRI64d,
hash.ToString().c_str(),
if(bCoinYearOnly)
return nRewardCoinYear;
- // Fix problem with proof-of-stake rewards calculation since 20 Sep 2013
- if(nTime < CHAINCHECKS_SWITCH_TIME)
- nSubsidy = nCoinAge * 33 / (365 * 33 + 8) * nRewardCoinYear;
- else
- nSubsidy = nCoinAge * nRewardCoinYear * 33 / (365 * 33 + 8);
+ nSubsidy = nCoinAge * nRewardCoinYear * 33 / (365 * 33 + 8);
// Set reasonable reward limit for large inputs since 20 Oct 2013
//
return nSigOps;
}
-bool CTransaction::ConnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb, MapPrevTx inputs,
- map<uint256, CTxIndex>& mapTestPool, const CDiskTxPos& posThisTx,
- const CBlockIndex* pindexBlock, bool fBlock, bool fMiner, bool fStrictPayToScriptHash)
+bool CTransaction::ConnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb, MapPrevTx inputs, map<uint256, CTxIndex>& mapTestPool, const CDiskTxPos& posThisTx,
+ const CBlockIndex* pindexBlock, bool fBlock, bool fMiner, bool fStrictPayToScriptHash)
{
// Take over previous transactions' spent pointers
// fBlock is true when this is called from AcceptBlock when a new best-block is added to the blockchain
int64 nTxFee = nValueIn - GetValueOut();
if (nTxFee < 0)
return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s nTxFee < 0", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
- // ppcoin: enforce transaction fees for every block
- if (nTxFee < GetMinFee())
+
+ // enforce transaction fees for every block until 1 May 2014 04:00:00 GMT
+ if (!fTestNet && nTxFee < GetMinFee() && nTime < OUTPUT_SWITCH_TIME)
return fBlock? DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : %s not paying required fee=%s, paid=%s", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), FormatMoney(GetMinFee()).c_str(), FormatMoney(nTxFee).c_str())) : false;
nFees += nTxFee;
return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : proof of work failed"));
// Check timestamp
- if (GetBlockTime() > GetAdjustedTime() + nMaxClockDrift)
+ if (GetBlockTime() > FutureDrift(GetAdjustedTime()))
return error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp too far in the future");
// First transaction must be coinbase, the rest must not be
return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : more than one coinbase"));
// Check coinbase timestamp
- if (GetBlockTime() > (int64)vtx[0].nTime + nMaxClockDrift)
+ if (GetBlockTime() > FutureDrift((int64)vtx[0].nTime))
return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase timestamp is too early"));
if (IsProofOfStake())
}
else
{
- // Coinbase fee paid until 20 Sep 2013
- int64 nFee = GetBlockTime() < CHAINCHECKS_SWITCH_TIME ? vtx[0].GetMinFee() - MIN_TX_FEE : 0;
-
+ int64 nReward = GetProofOfWorkReward(nBits);
// Check coinbase reward
- if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > (GetProofOfWorkReward(nBits) - nFee))
+ if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > nReward)
return DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : coinbase reward exceeded (actual=%"PRI64d" vs calculated=%"PRI64d")",
vtx[0].GetValueOut(),
- GetProofOfWorkReward(nBits) - nFee));
+ nReward));
// Should we check proof-of-work block signature or not?
//
if(!fTestNet && fCheckSig)
{
- bool isAfterCheckpoint = (GetBlockTime() > Checkpoints::GetLastCheckpointTime());
bool checkEntropySig = (GetBlockTime() < ENTROPY_SWITCH_TIME);
- bool checkPoWSig = (isAfterCheckpoint && GetBlockTime() < CHAINCHECKS_SWITCH_TIME);
// NovaCoin: check proof-of-work block signature
- if ((checkEntropySig || checkPoWSig) && !CheckBlockSignature(false))
+ if (checkEntropySig && !CheckBlockSignature(false))
return DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : bad proof-of-work block signature"));
}
}
return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : incorrect %s", IsProofOfWork() ? "proof-of-work" : "proof-of-stake"));
// Check timestamp against prev
- if (GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast() || GetBlockTime() + nMaxClockDrift < pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())
+ if (GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast() || FutureDrift(GetBlockTime()) < pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())
return error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too early");
// Check that all transactions are finalized
if (!Checkpoints::CheckHardened(nHeight, hash))
return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : rejected by hardened checkpoint lock-in at %d", nHeight));
+ bool cpSatisfies = Checkpoints::CheckSync(hash, pindexPrev);
+
// Check that the block satisfies synchronized checkpoint
- if (!GetBoolArg("-nosynccheckpoints", false) && !Checkpoints::CheckSync(hash, pindexPrev))
+ if (CheckpointsMode == Checkpoints::STRICT && !cpSatisfies)
return error("AcceptBlock() : rejected by synchronized checkpoint");
+ if (CheckpointsMode == Checkpoints::ADVISORY && !cpSatisfies)
+ strMiscWarning = _("WARNING: syncronized checkpoint violation detected, but skipped!");
+
// Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
CScript expect = CScript() << nHeight;
- if (!std::equal(expect.begin(), expect.end(), vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.begin()))
+ if (vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.size() < expect.size() ||
+ !std::equal(expect.begin(), expect.end(), vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.begin()))
return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : block height mismatch in coinbase"));
// Write block to history file
if (bnTarget <= 0)
return 0;
- /* Old protocol, will be removed later */
+ /* Old protocol */
if (!fTestNet && GetBlockTime() < CHAINCHECKS_SWITCH_TIME)
return (IsProofOfStake()? ((CBigNum(1)<<256) / (bnTarget+1)).getuint256() : 1);
return true;
}
-// ppcoin: sign block
-bool CBlock::SignBlock(const CKeyStore& keystore)
+// novacoin: attempt to generate suitable proof-of-stake
+bool CBlock::SignBlock(CWallet& wallet)
{
- vector<valtype> vSolutions;
- txnouttype whichType;
-
- if(!IsProofOfStake())
- {
- for(unsigned int i = 0; i < vtx[0].vout.size(); i++)
- {
- const CTxOut& txout = vtx[0].vout[i];
+ // if we are trying to sign
+ // something except proof-of-stake block template
+ if (!vtx[0].vout[0].IsEmpty())
+ return false;
- if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
- continue;
+ // if we are trying to sign
+ // a complete proof-of-stake block
+ if (IsProofOfStake())
+ return true;
- if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
- {
- // Sign
- valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
- CKey key;
+ static int64 nLastCoinStakeSearchTime = GetAdjustedTime(); // startup timestamp
- if (!keystore.GetKey(Hash160(vchPubKey), key))
- continue;
- if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
- continue;
- if(!key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig))
- continue;
+ CKey key;
+ CTransaction txCoinStake;
+ int64 nSearchTime = txCoinStake.nTime; // search to current time
- return true;
- }
- }
- }
- else
+ if (nSearchTime > nLastCoinStakeSearchTime)
{
- const CTxOut& txout = vtx[1].vout[1];
-
- if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
- return false;
-
- if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
+ if (wallet.CreateCoinStake(wallet, nBits, nSearchTime-nLastCoinStakeSearchTime, txCoinStake, key))
{
- // Sign
- valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
- CKey key;
-
- if (!keystore.GetKey(Hash160(vchPubKey), key))
- return false;
- if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
- return false;
-
- return key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig);
+ if (txCoinStake.nTime >= max(pindexBest->GetMedianTimePast()+1, PastDrift(pindexBest->GetBlockTime())))
+ {
+ // make sure coinstake would meet timestamp protocol
+ // as it would be the same as the block timestamp
+ vtx[0].nTime = nTime = txCoinStake.nTime;
+ nTime = max(pindexBest->GetMedianTimePast()+1, GetMaxTransactionTime());
+ nTime = max(GetBlockTime(), PastDrift(pindexBest->GetBlockTime()));
+
+ // we have to make sure that we have no future timestamps in
+ // our transactions set
+ for (vector<CTransaction>::iterator it = vtx.begin(); it != vtx.end();)
+ if (it->nTime > nTime) { it = vtx.erase(it); } else { ++it; }
+
+ vtx.insert(vtx.begin() + 1, txCoinStake);
+ hashMerkleRoot = BuildMerkleTree();
+
+ // append a signature to our block
+ return key.Sign(GetHash(), vchBlockSig);
+ }
}
+ nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = nSearchTime - nLastCoinStakeSearchTime;
+ nLastCoinStakeSearchTime = nSearchTime;
}
- printf("Sign failed\n");
return false;
}
bool LoadBlockIndex(bool fAllowNew)
{
+ CBigNum bnTrustedModulus;
+
if (fTestNet)
{
pchMessageStart[0] = 0xcd;
pchMessageStart[2] = 0xc0;
pchMessageStart[3] = 0xef;
+ bnTrustedModulus.SetHex("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");
bnProofOfWorkLimit = bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet; // 16 bits PoW target limit for testnet
nStakeMinAge = 2 * 60 * 60; // test net min age is 2 hours
nModifierInterval = 20 * 60; // test modifier interval is 20 minutes
nCoinbaseMaturity = 10; // test maturity is 10 blocks
nStakeTargetSpacing = 5 * 60; // test block spacing is 5 minutes
}
+ else
+ {
+ bnTrustedModulus.SetHex("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");
+ }
+
+ // Set up the Zerocoin Params object
+ ZCParams = new libzerocoin::Params(bnTrustedModulus);
//
// Load block index
if ((!fTestNet) && !Checkpoints::ResetSyncCheckpoint())
return error("LoadBlockIndex() : failed to reset sync-checkpoint");
}
+#ifndef USE_LEVELDB
txdb.Close();
+#endif
+
}
return true;
// * Should not enter safe mode for longer invalid chain
// * If sync-checkpoint is too old do not enter safe mode
- // * Do not display warning if -nosynccheckpoints specified
- if (!GetBoolArg("-nosynccheckpoints", false) && Checkpoints::IsSyncCheckpointTooOld(60 * 60 * 24 * 10) && !fTestNet && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
+ // * Display warning only in the STRICT mode
+ if (CheckpointsMode == Checkpoints::STRICT && Checkpoints::IsSyncCheckpointTooOld(60 * 60 * 24 * 10) &&
+ !fTestNet && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
{
nPriority = 100;
- strStatusBar = "WARNING: Checkpoint is too old. Wait for block chain to download, or notify developers.";
+ strStatusBar = _("WARNING: Checkpoint is too old. Wait for block chain to download, or notify developers.");
}
// ppcoin: if detected invalid checkpoint enter safe mode
if (Checkpoints::hashInvalidCheckpoint != 0)
{
nPriority = 3000;
- strStatusBar = strRPC = "WARNING: Invalid checkpoint found! Displayed transactions may not be correct! You may need to upgrade, or notify developers.";
+ strStatusBar = strRPC = _("WARNING: Invalid checkpoint found! Displayed transactions may not be correct! You may need to upgrade, or notify developers.");
}
// Alerts
return true;
}
-
-
-
-
if (strCommand == "version")
{
// Each connection can only send one version message
return true;
}
- // ppcoin: record my external IP reported by peer
+ // record my external IP reported by peer
if (addrFrom.IsRoutable() && addrMe.IsRoutable())
addrSeenByPeer = addrMe;
item.second.RelayTo(pfrom);
}
- // ppcoin: relay sync-checkpoint
+ // Relay sync-checkpoint
{
LOCK(Checkpoints::cs_hashSyncCheckpoint);
if (!Checkpoints::checkpointMessage.IsNull())
pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
}
-
else if (strCommand == "inv")
{
vector<CInv> vInv;
CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
- // Truncate messages to the size of the tx in them
- unsigned int nSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx,SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
- if (nSize < vMsg.size()){
- vMsg.resize(nSize);
- }
-
bool fMissingInputs = false;
if (tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, true, &fMissingInputs))
{
SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL, true);
- RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
+ RelayTransaction(tx, inv.hash);
mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
{
uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
- for (map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].begin();
+ for (set<uint256>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].begin();
mi != mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].end();
++mi)
{
- const CDataStream& vMsg = *((*mi).second);
- CTransaction tx;
- CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
- CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
+ const uint256& orphanTxHash = *mi;
+ CTransaction& orphanTx = mapOrphanTransactions[orphanTxHash];
bool fMissingInputs2 = false;
- if (tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, true, &fMissingInputs2))
+ if (orphanTx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb, true, &fMissingInputs2))
{
- printf(" accepted orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
+ printf(" accepted orphan tx %s\n", orphanTxHash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL, true);
- RelayMessage(inv, vMsg);
- mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
- vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
- vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
+ RelayTransaction(orphanTx, orphanTxHash);
+ mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(CInv(MSG_TX, orphanTxHash));
+ vWorkQueue.push_back(orphanTxHash);
+ vEraseQueue.push_back(orphanTxHash);
}
else if (!fMissingInputs2)
{
// invalid orphan
- vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
- printf(" removed invalid orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
+ vEraseQueue.push_back(orphanTxHash);
+ printf(" removed invalid orphan tx %s\n", orphanTxHash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
}
}
}
}
else if (fMissingInputs)
{
- AddOrphanTx(vMsg);
+ AddOrphanTx(tx);
// DoS prevention: do not allow mapOrphanTransactions to grow unbounded
unsigned int nEvicted = LimitOrphanTxSize(MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS);