X-Git-Url: https://git.novaco.in/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Novacoin%2FCBlockStore.cs;h=62a021f970fa52b15b2cbef829372028de701e02;hb=6b0501a53995f78928332cfcd7ce1cae4b07486f;hp=cb07aeccae61ce8a5eeba98adadbfffde3fd5e4b;hpb=b0509838f87f0a5a136bfabf050e9f09412d4180;p=NovacoinLibrary.git diff --git a/Novacoin/CBlockStore.cs b/Novacoin/CBlockStore.cs index cb07aec..62a021f 100644 --- a/Novacoin/CBlockStore.cs +++ b/Novacoin/CBlockStore.cs @@ -19,774 +19,18 @@ using System; using System.IO; -using System.Linq; using System.Collections.Concurrent; using SQLite.Net; -using SQLite.Net.Attributes; using SQLite.Net.Interop; using SQLite.Net.Platform.Generic; -using SQLiteNetExtensions.Attributes; using System.Collections.Generic; -using System.Diagnostics.Contracts; using System.Text; +using System.Diagnostics.Contracts; +using System.Linq; namespace Novacoin { - [Table("ChainState")] - public class ChainState - { - [PrimaryKey, AutoIncrement] - public long itemId { get; set; } - - /// - /// Hash of top block in the best chain - /// - public byte[] HashBestChain { get; set; } - - /// - /// Total trust score of best chain - /// - public byte[] BestChainTrust { get; set; } - - public uint nBestHeight { get; set;} - - [Ignore] - public uint256 nBestChainTrust - { - get { return BestChainTrust; } - set { BestChainTrust = value; } - } - - [Ignore] - public uint256 nHashBestChain - { - get { return HashBestChain; } - set { HashBestChain = value; } - } - } - - [Table("BlockStorage")] - public class CBlockStoreItem : IBlockStorageItem - { - #region IBlockStorageItem - /// - /// Item ID in the database - /// - [PrimaryKey, AutoIncrement] - public long ItemID { get; set; } - - /// - /// PBKDF2+Salsa20 of block hash - /// - [Unique] - public byte[] Hash { get; set; } - - /// - /// Version of block schema - /// - [Column("nVersion")] - public uint nVersion { get; set; } - - /// - /// Previous block hash. - /// - [Column("prevHash")] - public byte[] prevHash { get; set; } - - /// - /// Merkle root hash. - /// - [Column("merkleRoot")] - public byte[] merkleRoot { get; set; } - - /// - /// Block timestamp. - /// - [Column("nTime")] - public uint nTime { get; set; } - - /// - /// Compressed difficulty representation. - /// - [Column("nBits")] - public uint nBits { get; set; } - - /// - /// Nonce counter. - /// - [Column("nNonce")] - public uint nNonce { get; set; } - - /// - /// Next block hash. - /// - [Column("nextHash")] - public byte[] nextHash { get; set; } - - /// - /// Block type flags - /// - [Column("BlockTypeFlag")] - public BlockType BlockTypeFlag { get; set; } - - /// - /// Stake modifier - /// - [Column("nStakeModifier")] - public long nStakeModifier { get; set; } - - /// - /// Proof-of-Stake hash - /// - [Column("hashProofOfStake")] - public byte[] hashProofOfStake { get; set; } - - /// - /// Stake generation outpoint. - /// - [Column("prevoutStake")] - public byte[] prevoutStake { get; set; } - - /// - /// Stake generation time. - /// - [Column("nStakeTime")] - public uint nStakeTime { get; set; } - - /// - /// Block height, encoded in VarInt format - /// - [Column("nHeight")] - public uint nHeight { get; set; } - - /// - /// Chain trust score, serialized and trimmed uint256 representation. - /// - [Column("ChainTrust")] - public byte[] ChainTrust { get; set; } - - /// - /// Block position in file, encoded in VarInt format - /// - [Column("BlockPos")] - public byte[] BlockPos { get; set; } - - /// - /// Block size in bytes, encoded in VarInt format - /// - [Column("BlockSize")] - public byte[] BlockSize { get; set; } - #endregion - - /// - /// Accessor and mutator for BlockPos value. - /// - [Ignore] - public long nBlockPos - { - get { return (long)VarInt.DecodeVarInt(BlockPos); } - set { BlockPos = VarInt.EncodeVarInt(value); } - } - - /// - /// Accessor and mutator for BlockSize value. - /// - [Ignore] - public int nBlockSize - { - get { return (int)VarInt.DecodeVarInt(BlockSize); } - set { BlockSize = VarInt.EncodeVarInt(value); } - } - - /// - /// Fill database item with data from given block header. - /// - /// Block header - /// Header hash - public uint256 FillHeader(CBlockHeader header) - { - uint256 _hash = header.Hash; - - Hash = _hash; - - nVersion = header.nVersion; - prevHash = header.prevHash; - merkleRoot = header.merkleRoot; - nTime = header.nTime; - nBits = header.nBits; - nNonce = header.nNonce; - - return _hash; - } - - /// - /// Reconstruct block header from item data. - /// - public CBlockHeader BlockHeader - { - get - { - CBlockHeader header = new CBlockHeader(); - - header.nVersion = nVersion; - header.prevHash = prevHash; - header.merkleRoot = merkleRoot; - header.nTime = nTime; - header.nBits = nBits; - header.nNonce = nNonce; - - return header; - } - } - - /// - /// Read block from file. - /// - /// Stream with read access. - /// CBlock reference. - /// Result - public bool ReadFromFile(ref Stream reader, out CBlock block) - { - var buffer = new byte[nBlockSize]; - block = null; - - try - { - reader.Seek(nBlockPos, SeekOrigin.Begin); - - if (nBlockSize != reader.Read(buffer, 0, nBlockSize)) - { - return false; - } - - block = new CBlock(buffer); - - return true; - } - catch (IOException) - { - // I/O error - return false; - } - catch (BlockException) - { - // Constructor exception - return false; - } - } - - /// - /// Writes given block to file and prepares cursor object for insertion into the database. - /// - /// Stream with write access. - /// CBlock reference. - /// Result - public bool WriteToFile(ref Stream writer, ref CBlock block) - { - try - { - byte[] blockBytes = block; - - var magicBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(CBlockStore.nMagicNumber); - var blkLenBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(blockBytes.Length); - - // Seek to the end and then append magic bytes there. - writer.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.End); - writer.Write(magicBytes, 0, magicBytes.Length); - writer.Write(blkLenBytes, 0, blkLenBytes.Length); - - // Save block size and current position in the block cursor fields. - nBlockPos = writer.Position; - nBlockSize = blockBytes.Length; - - // Write block and flush the stream. - writer.Write(blockBytes, 0, blockBytes.Length); - writer.Flush(); - - return true; - } - catch (IOException) - { - // I/O error - return false; - } - catch (Exception) - { - // Some serialization error - return false; - } - } - - /// - /// Previous block cursor - /// - [Ignore] - public CBlockStoreItem prev - { - get { return CBlockStore.Instance.GetMapCursor(prevHash); } - } - - /// - /// Next block cursor - /// - [Ignore] - public CBlockStoreItem next - { - get - { - if (nextHash == null) - { - return null; - } - - return CBlockStore.Instance.GetMapCursor(nextHash); - } - set - { - nextHash = value.Hash; - - CBlockStore.Instance.UpdateMapCursor(this); - } - } - - [Ignore] - bool IsInMainChain - { - get { return (next != null); } - } - - /// - /// STake modifier generation flag - /// - [Ignore] - public bool GeneratedStakeModifier - { - get { return (BlockTypeFlag & BlockType.BLOCK_STAKE_MODIFIER) != 0; } - } - - /// - /// Stake entropy bit - /// - [Ignore] - public uint StakeEntropyBit - { - get { return ((uint)(BlockTypeFlag & BlockType.BLOCK_STAKE_ENTROPY) >> 1); } - } - - /// - /// Sets stake modifier and flag. - /// - /// New stake modifier. - /// Set generation flag? - public void SetStakeModifier(long nModifier, bool fGeneratedStakeModifier) - { - nStakeModifier = nModifier; - if (fGeneratedStakeModifier) - BlockTypeFlag |= BlockType.BLOCK_STAKE_MODIFIER; - } - - /// - /// Set entropy bit. - /// - /// Entropy bit value (0 or 1). - /// False if value is our of range. - public bool SetStakeEntropyBit(byte nEntropyBit) - { - if (nEntropyBit > 1) - return false; - BlockTypeFlag |= (nEntropyBit != 0 ? BlockType.BLOCK_STAKE_ENTROPY : 0); - return true; - } - - /// - /// Set proof-of-stake flag. - /// - public void SetProofOfStake() - { - BlockTypeFlag |= BlockType.BLOCK_PROOF_OF_STAKE; - } - - /// - /// Block has no proof-of-stake flag. - /// - [Ignore] - public bool IsProofOfWork - { - get { return (BlockTypeFlag & BlockType.BLOCK_PROOF_OF_STAKE) == 0; } - } - - /// - /// Block has proof-of-stake flag set. - /// - [Ignore] - public bool IsProofOfStake - { - get { return (BlockTypeFlag & BlockType.BLOCK_PROOF_OF_STAKE) != 0; } - } - - /// - /// Block trust score. - /// - [Ignore] - public uint256 nBlockTrust - { - get - { - uint256 nTarget = 0; - nTarget.Compact = nBits; - - /* Old protocol */ - if (nTime < NetInfo.nChainChecksSwitchTime) - { - return IsProofOfStake ? (new uint256(1) << 256) / (nTarget + 1) : 1; - } - - /* New protocol */ - - // Calculate work amount for block - var nPoWTrust = NetInfo.nPoWBase / (nTarget + 1); - - // Set nPowTrust to 1 if we are checking PoS block or PoW difficulty is too low - nPoWTrust = (IsProofOfStake || !nPoWTrust) ? 1 : nPoWTrust; - - // Return nPoWTrust for the first 12 blocks - if (prev == null || prev.nHeight < 12) - return nPoWTrust; - - CBlockStoreItem currentIndex = prev; - - if (IsProofOfStake) - { - var nNewTrust = (new uint256(1) << 256) / (nTarget + 1); - - // Return 1/3 of score if parent block is not the PoW block - if (!prev.IsProofOfWork) - { - return nNewTrust / 3; - } - - int nPoWCount = 0; - - // Check last 12 blocks type - while (prev.nHeight - currentIndex.nHeight < 12) - { - if (currentIndex.IsProofOfWork) - { - nPoWCount++; - } - currentIndex = currentIndex.prev; - } - - // Return 1/3 of score if less than 3 PoW blocks found - if (nPoWCount < 3) - { - return nNewTrust / 3; - } - - return nNewTrust; - } - else - { - var nLastBlockTrust = prev.nChainTrust - prev.prev.nChainTrust; - - // Return nPoWTrust + 2/3 of previous block score if two parent blocks are not PoS blocks - if (!prev.IsProofOfStake || !prev.prev.IsProofOfStake) - { - return nPoWTrust + (2 * nLastBlockTrust / 3); - } - - int nPoSCount = 0; - - // Check last 12 blocks type - while (prev.nHeight - currentIndex.nHeight < 12) - { - if (currentIndex.IsProofOfStake) - { - nPoSCount++; - } - currentIndex = currentIndex.prev; - } - - // Return nPoWTrust + 2/3 of previous block score if less than 7 PoS blocks found - if (nPoSCount < 7) - { - return nPoWTrust + (2 * nLastBlockTrust / 3); - } - - nTarget.Compact = prev.nBits; - - if (!nTarget) - { - return 0; - } - - var nNewTrust = (new uint256(1) << 256) / (nTarget + 1); - - // Return nPoWTrust + full trust score for previous block nBits - return nPoWTrust + nNewTrust; - } - } - } - - /// - /// Stake modifier checksum. - /// - public uint nStakeModifierChecksum; - - /// - /// Chain trust score - /// - [Ignore] - public uint256 nChainTrust { - get { return Interop.AppendWithZeros(ChainTrust); } - set { ChainTrust = Interop.TrimArray(value); } - } - - public long nMint { get; internal set; } - public long nMoneySupply { get; internal set; } - } - - /// - /// Block type. - /// - public enum BlockType - { - BLOCK_PROOF_OF_STAKE = (1 << 0), // is proof-of-stake block - BLOCK_STAKE_ENTROPY = (1 << 1), // entropy bit for stake modifier - BLOCK_STAKE_MODIFIER = (1 << 2), // regenerated stake modifier - }; - - /// - /// Transaction type. - /// - public enum TxFlags : byte - { - TX_COINBASE, - TX_COINSTAKE, - TX_USER - } - - /// - /// Output flags. - /// - public enum OutputFlags : byte - { - AVAILABLE, // Unspent output - SPENT // Spent output - } - - [Table("MerkleNodes")] - public class CMerkleNode : IMerkleNode - { - #region IMerkleNode - /// - /// Node identifier - /// - [PrimaryKey, AutoIncrement] - public long nMerkleNodeID { get; set; } - - /// - /// Reference to parent block database item. - /// - [ForeignKey(typeof(CBlockStoreItem), Name = "ItemId")] - public long nParentBlockID { get; set; } - - /// - /// Transaction type flag - /// - [Column("TransactionFlags")] - public TxFlags TransactionFlags { get; set; } - - /// - /// Transaction hash - /// - [Column("TransactionHash")] - public byte[] TransactionHash { get; set; } - - /// - /// Transaction offset from the beginning of block header, encoded in VarInt format. - /// - [Column("TxOffset")] - public byte[] TxOffset { get; set; } - - /// - /// Transaction size, encoded in VarInt format. - /// - [Column("TxSize")] - public byte[] TxSize { get; set; } - #endregion - - /// - /// Read transaction from file. - /// - /// Stream with read access. - /// CTransaction reference. - /// Result - public bool ReadFromFile(ref Stream reader, long nBlockPos, out CTransaction tx) - { - var buffer = new byte[CTransaction.nMaxTxSize]; - - tx = null; - - try - { - reader.Seek(nBlockPos + nTxOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Seek to transaction offset - - if (nTxSize != reader.Read(buffer, 0, nTxSize)) - { - return false; - } - - tx = new CTransaction(buffer); - - return true; - } - catch (IOException) - { - // I/O error - return false; - } - catch (TransactionConstructorException) - { - // Constructor error - return false; - } - } - - /// - /// Transaction offset accessor - /// - [Ignore] - public long nTxOffset - { - get { return (long) VarInt.DecodeVarInt(TxOffset); } - private set { TxOffset = VarInt.EncodeVarInt(value); } - } - - /// - /// Transaction size accessor - /// - [Ignore] - public int nTxSize - { - get { return (int)VarInt.DecodeVarInt(TxSize); } - private set { TxSize = VarInt.EncodeVarInt(value); } - } - - public CMerkleNode(CTransaction tx) - { - nTxOffset = -1; - nParentBlockID = -1; - - nTxSize = tx.Size; - TransactionHash = tx.Hash; - - if (tx.IsCoinBase) - { - TransactionFlags |= TxFlags.TX_COINBASE; - } - else if (tx.IsCoinStake) - { - TransactionFlags |= TxFlags.TX_COINSTAKE; - } - else - { - TransactionFlags |= TxFlags.TX_USER; - } - } - - public CMerkleNode(long nBlockId, long nOffset, CTransaction tx) - { - nParentBlockID = nBlockId; - - nTxOffset = nOffset; - nTxSize = tx.Size; - TransactionHash = tx.Hash; - - if (tx.IsCoinBase) - { - TransactionFlags |= TxFlags.TX_COINBASE; - } - else if (tx.IsCoinStake) - { - TransactionFlags |= TxFlags.TX_COINSTAKE; - } - else - { - TransactionFlags |= TxFlags.TX_USER; - } - } - - } - - [Table("Outputs")] - public class TxOutItem : ITxOutItem - { - /// - /// Reference to transaction item. - /// - [ForeignKey(typeof(CMerkleNode), Name = "nMerkleNodeID")] - public long nMerkleNodeID { get; set; } - - /// - /// Output flags - /// - public OutputFlags outputFlags { get; set; } - - /// - /// Output number in VarInt format. - /// - public byte[] OutputNumber { get; set; } - - /// - /// Output value in VarInt format. - /// - public byte[] OutputValue { get; set; } - - /// - /// Second half of script which contains spending instructions. - /// - public byte[] scriptPubKey { get; set; } - - /// - /// Getter for output number. - /// - [Ignore] - public uint nOut - { - get { return (uint)VarInt.DecodeVarInt(OutputNumber); } - private set { OutputNumber = VarInt.EncodeVarInt(value); } - } - - /// - /// Getter for output value. - /// - [Ignore] - public ulong nValue - { - get { return VarInt.DecodeVarInt(OutputValue); } - private set { OutputValue = VarInt.EncodeVarInt(value); } - } - - /// - /// Getter ans setter for IsSpent flag. - /// - [Ignore] - public bool IsSpent - { - get { return (outputFlags & OutputFlags.SPENT) != 0; } - set { outputFlags |= value ? OutputFlags.SPENT : OutputFlags.AVAILABLE; } - } - - public TxOutItem(CTxOut o, uint nOut) - { - nValue = o.nValue; - scriptPubKey = o.scriptPubKey; - this.nOut = nOut; - } - } - public class CBlockStore : IDisposable { public const uint nMagicNumber = 0xe5e9e8e4; @@ -841,7 +85,7 @@ namespace Novacoin private ConcurrentDictionary mapStakeSeen = new ConcurrentDictionary(); - private ConcurrentDictionary mapStakeSeenOrphan = new ConcurrentDictionary(); + private ConcurrentDictionary, uint256> mapStakeSeenOrphan = new ConcurrentDictionary, uint256>(); /// @@ -933,14 +177,14 @@ namespace Novacoin )); // Write block to file. - var itemTemplate = new CBlockStoreItem() + var rootCursor = new CBlockStoreItem() { nHeight = 0 }; - itemTemplate.FillHeader(genesisBlock.header); + rootCursor.FillHeader(genesisBlock.header); - if (!AddItemToIndex(ref itemTemplate, ref genesisBlock)) + if (!AddItemToIndex(ref rootCursor, ref genesisBlock)) { throw new Exception("Unable to write genesis block"); } @@ -953,6 +197,8 @@ namespace Novacoin // Init list of block items foreach (var item in blockTreeItems) { + item.nStakeModifierChecksum = StakeModifier.GetModifierChecksum(item); + blockMap.TryAdd(item.Hash, item); if (item.IsProofOfStake) @@ -964,10 +210,13 @@ namespace Novacoin // Load data about the top node. ChainParams = dbConn.Table().First(); + + genesisBlockCursor = dbConn.Query("select * from [BlockStorage] where [Hash] = ?", (byte[])NetInfo.nHashGenesisBlock).First(); + bestBlockCursor = dbConn.Query("select * from [BlockStorage] where [Hash] = ?", ChainParams.HashBestChain).First(); } } - public bool GetTxOutCursor(COutPoint outpoint, ref TxOutItem txOutCursor) + public bool GetTxOutCursor(COutPoint outpoint, out TxOutItem txOutCursor) { var queryResults = dbConn.Query("select o.* from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on (m.nMerkleNodeID = o.nMerkleNodeID) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])outpoint.hash); @@ -980,32 +229,29 @@ namespace Novacoin // Tx not found + txOutCursor = null; + return false; } - - interface InputsJoin : ITxOutItem - { - byte[] TransactionHash { get; set; } - } - - public bool FetchInputs(CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary queued, ref Dictionary inputs, bool IsBlock, out bool Invalid) + + public bool FetchInputs(ref CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary queued, ref Dictionary inputs, bool IsBlock, out bool Invalid) { Invalid = false; if (tx.IsCoinBase) { // Coinbase transactions have no inputs to fetch. - return true; + return true; } StringBuilder queryBuilder = new StringBuilder(); - + queryBuilder.Append("select o.*, m.[TransactionHash] from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on (m.[nMerkleNodeID] = o.[nMerkleNodeID]) where "); for (var i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++) { - queryBuilder.AppendFormat(" {0} (m.[TransactionHash] = x'{1}' and o.[OutputNumber] = x'{2}')", - (i > 0 ? "or" : string.Empty), Interop.ToHex(tx.vin[i].prevout.hash), + queryBuilder.AppendFormat(" {0} (m.[TransactionHash] = x'{1}' and o.[OutputNumber] = x'{2}')", + (i > 0 ? "or" : string.Empty), Interop.ToHex(tx.vin[i].prevout.hash), Interop.ToHex(VarInt.EncodeVarInt(tx.vin[i].prevout.n) )); } @@ -1019,12 +265,10 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; // Already spent } - var inputsKey = new COutPoint(item.TransactionHash, item.nOut); - - item.IsSpent = true; + var inputsKey = new COutPoint(item.TransactionHash, item.nOut); // Add output data to dictionary - inputs.Add(inputsKey, (TxOutItem) item); + inputs.Add(inputsKey, item.getTxOutItem()); } if (queryResults.Count < tx.vin.Length) @@ -1037,6 +281,11 @@ namespace Novacoin { var outPoint = txin.prevout; + if (inputs.ContainsKey(outPoint)) + { + continue; // We have already seen this input. + } + if (!queued.ContainsKey(outPoint)) { return false; // No such transaction @@ -1046,7 +295,7 @@ namespace Novacoin inputs.Add(outPoint, queued[outPoint]); // Mark output as spent - queued[outPoint].IsSpent = true; + // queued[outPoint].IsSpent = true; } } else @@ -1069,7 +318,7 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; // nOut is out of range } - + // TODO: return inputs from map throw new NotImplementedException(); @@ -1082,10 +331,9 @@ namespace Novacoin return true; } - private bool AddItemToIndex(ref CBlockStoreItem itemTemplate, ref CBlock block) + private bool AddItemToIndex(ref CBlockStoreItem newCursor, ref CBlock block) { - var writer = new BinaryWriter(fStreamReadWrite).BaseStream; - uint256 blockHash = itemTemplate.Hash; + uint256 blockHash = newCursor.Hash; if (blockMap.ContainsKey(blockHash)) { @@ -1093,75 +341,81 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; } + // Begin transaction + dbConn.BeginTransaction(); + // Compute chain trust score - itemTemplate.nChainTrust = (itemTemplate.prev != null ? itemTemplate.prev.nChainTrust : 0) + itemTemplate.nBlockTrust; + newCursor.nChainTrust = (newCursor.prev != null ? newCursor.prev.nChainTrust : 0) + newCursor.nBlockTrust; - if (!itemTemplate.SetStakeEntropyBit(Entropy.GetStakeEntropyBit(itemTemplate.nHeight, blockHash))) + if (!newCursor.SetStakeEntropyBit(Entropy.GetStakeEntropyBit(newCursor.nHeight, blockHash))) { return false; // SetStakeEntropyBit() failed } - // Save proof-of-stake hash value - if (itemTemplate.IsProofOfStake) - { - uint256 hashProofOfStake; - if (!GetProofOfStakeHash(blockHash, out hashProofOfStake)) - { - return false; // hashProofOfStake not found - } - itemTemplate.hashProofOfStake = hashProofOfStake; - } - // compute stake modifier long nStakeModifier = 0; bool fGeneratedStakeModifier = false; - if (!StakeModifier.ComputeNextStakeModifier(itemTemplate, ref nStakeModifier, ref fGeneratedStakeModifier)) + if (!StakeModifier.ComputeNextStakeModifier(ref newCursor, ref nStakeModifier, ref fGeneratedStakeModifier)) { return false; // ComputeNextStakeModifier() failed } - itemTemplate.SetStakeModifier(nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier); - itemTemplate.nStakeModifierChecksum = StakeModifier.GetStakeModifierChecksum(itemTemplate); + newCursor.SetStakeModifier(nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier); + newCursor.nStakeModifierChecksum = StakeModifier.GetModifierChecksum(newCursor); - // TODO: verify stake modifier checkpoints + if (!ModifierCheckpoints.Verify(newCursor.nHeight, newCursor.nStakeModifierChecksum)) + { + return false; // Stake modifier checkpoints mismatch + } // Add to index if (block.IsProofOfStake) { - itemTemplate.SetProofOfStake(); + newCursor.SetProofOfStake(); + + newCursor.prevoutStake = block.vtx[1].vin[0].prevout; + newCursor.nStakeTime = block.vtx[1].nTime; - itemTemplate.prevoutStake = block.vtx[1].vin[0].prevout; - itemTemplate.nStakeTime = block.vtx[1].nTime; + // Save proof-of-stake hash value + uint256 hashProofOfStake; + if (!GetProofOfStakeHash(ref blockHash, out hashProofOfStake)) + { + return false; // hashProofOfStake not found + } + newCursor.hashProofOfStake = hashProofOfStake; } - if (!itemTemplate.WriteToFile(ref writer, ref block)) + if (!newCursor.WriteToFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, ref block)) { return false; } - if (dbConn.Insert(itemTemplate) == 0) + if (dbConn.Insert(newCursor) == 0) { return false; // Insert failed } // Get last RowID. - itemTemplate.ItemID = dbPlatform.SQLiteApi.LastInsertRowid(dbConn.Handle); - - if (!blockMap.TryAdd(blockHash, itemTemplate)) + newCursor.ItemID = dbPlatform.SQLiteApi.LastInsertRowid(dbConn.Handle); + + if (!blockMap.TryAdd(blockHash, newCursor)) { return false; // blockMap add failed } - if (itemTemplate.nChainTrust > ChainParams.nBestChainTrust) + if (newCursor.nChainTrust > ChainParams.nBestChainTrust) { // New best chain - if (!SetBestChain(ref itemTemplate)) + if (!SetBestChain(ref newCursor)) { return false; // SetBestChain failed. } } + // Commit transaction + dbConn.Commit(); + return true; } @@ -1225,6 +479,11 @@ namespace Novacoin nTimeBestReceived = Interop.GetTime(); nTransactionsUpdated++; + if (!UpdateTopChain(cursor)) + { + return false; // unable to set top chain node. + } + return true; } @@ -1299,7 +558,6 @@ namespace Novacoin } } - // Connect longer branch var txDelete = new List(); foreach (var cursor in connect) @@ -1328,9 +586,6 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; // UpdateTopChain failed } - // Make sure it's successfully written to disk - dbConn.Commit(); - // Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch foreach (var tx in txResurrect) { @@ -1369,9 +624,13 @@ namespace Novacoin } // Add to current best branch - cursor.prev.next = cursor; + var prevCursor = cursor.prev; + prevCursor.next = cursor; - dbConn.Commit(); + if (!UpdateDBCursor(ref prevCursor)) + { + return false; // unable to update + } // Delete redundant memory transactions foreach (var tx in block.vtx) @@ -1383,7 +642,7 @@ namespace Novacoin return true; } - private bool ConnectBlock(CBlockStoreItem cursor, ref CBlock block, bool fJustCheck=false) + private bool ConnectBlock(CBlockStoreItem cursor, ref CBlock block, bool fJustCheck = false) { // Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in, but skip BlockSig checking if (!block.CheckBlock(!fJustCheck, !fJustCheck, false)) @@ -1391,22 +650,29 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; // Invalid block found. } - bool fScriptChecks = cursor.nHeight >= Checkpoints.TotalBlocksEstimate; + bool fScriptChecks = cursor.nHeight >= HashCheckpoints.TotalBlocksEstimate; var scriptFlags = scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_NOCACHE | scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH; - ulong nFees = 0; - ulong nValueIn = 0; - ulong nValueOut = 0; + long nFees = 0; + long nValueIn = 0; + long nValueOut = 0; uint nSigOps = 0; var queuedMerkleNodes = new Dictionary(); - var queued = new Dictionary(); + var queuedOutputs = new Dictionary(); for (var nTx = 0; nTx < block.vtx.Length; nTx++) { var tx = block.vtx[nTx]; var hashTx = tx.Hash; - var nTxPos = cursor.nBlockPos + block.GetTxOffset(nTx); + + if (!queuedMerkleNodes.ContainsKey(hashTx)) + { + var nTxPos = cursor.nBlockPos + block.GetTxOffset(nTx); + var mNode = new CMerkleNode(cursor.ItemID, nTxPos, tx); + + queuedMerkleNodes.Add(hashTx, mNode); + } Dictionary txouts; if (GetOutputs(hashTx, out txouts)) @@ -1431,7 +697,7 @@ namespace Novacoin else { bool Invalid; - if (!FetchInputs(tx, ref queued, ref inputs, true, out Invalid)) + if (!FetchInputs(ref tx, ref queuedOutputs, ref inputs, true, out Invalid)) { return false; // Unable to fetch some inputs. } @@ -1439,14 +705,14 @@ namespace Novacoin // Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs; // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block. - nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(inputs); + nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(ref inputs); if (nSigOps > CBlock.nMaxSigOps) { return false; // too many sigops } - ulong nTxValueIn = tx.GetValueIn(inputs); - ulong nTxValueOut = tx.nValueOut; + long nTxValueIn = tx.GetValueIn(ref inputs); + long nTxValueOut = tx.nValueOut; nValueIn += nTxValueIn; nValueOut += nTxValueOut; @@ -1456,7 +722,7 @@ namespace Novacoin nFees += nTxValueIn - nTxValueOut; } - if (!ConnectInputs(tx, inputs, queued, cursor, fScriptChecks, scriptFlags)) + if (!ConnectInputs(ref tx, ref inputs, ref queuedOutputs, ref cursor, true, fScriptChecks, scriptFlags)) { return false; } @@ -1464,21 +730,23 @@ namespace Novacoin for (var i = 0u; i < tx.vout.Length; i++) { - var mNode = new CMerkleNode(cursor.ItemID, nTxPos, tx); - queuedMerkleNodes.Add(hashTx, mNode); - var outKey = new COutPoint(hashTx, i); - var outData = new TxOutItem(tx.vout[i], i); - - outData.IsSpent = false; + var outData = new TxOutItem() + { + nMerkleNodeID = -1, + nValue = tx.vout[i].nValue, + scriptPubKey = tx.vout[i].scriptPubKey, + IsSpent = false, + nOut = i + }; - queued.Add(outKey, outData); + queuedOutputs.Add(outKey, outData); } } if (!block.IsProofOfStake) { - ulong nBlockReward = CBlock.GetProofOfWorkReward(cursor.nBits, nFees); + long nBlockReward = CBlock.GetProofOfWorkReward(cursor.nBits, nFees); // Check coinbase reward if (block.vtx[0].nValueOut > nBlockReward) @@ -1487,8 +755,8 @@ namespace Novacoin } } - cursor.nMint = (long) (nValueOut - nValueIn + nFees); - cursor.nMoneySupply = (cursor.prev != null ? cursor.prev.nMoneySupply : 0) + (long)nValueOut - (long)nValueIn; + cursor.nMint = nValueOut - nValueIn + nFees; + cursor.nMoneySupply = (cursor.prev != null ? cursor.prev.nMoneySupply : 0) + nValueOut - nValueIn; if (!UpdateDBCursor(ref cursor)) { @@ -1500,51 +768,75 @@ namespace Novacoin return true; } + // Flush merkle nodes. + var savedMerkleNodes = new Dictionary(); + foreach (var merklePair in queuedMerkleNodes) + { + var merkleNode = merklePair.Value; + + if (!SaveMerkleNode(ref merkleNode)) + { + // Unable to save merkle tree cursor. + return false; + } + + savedMerkleNodes.Add(merklePair.Key, merkleNode); + } + // Write queued transaction changes - var actualMerkleNodes = new Dictionary(); - var queuedOutpointItems = new List(); - foreach(KeyValuePair outPair in queued) + var newOutpointItems = new List(); + var updatedOutpointItems = new List(); + foreach (var outPair in queuedOutputs) { - uint256 txID = outPair.Key.hash; - CMerkleNode merkleNode; + var outItem = outPair.Value; - if (actualMerkleNodes.ContainsKey(txID)) + if (outItem.nMerkleNodeID == -1) { - merkleNode = actualMerkleNodes[txID]; + // This outpoint doesn't exist yet, adding to insert list. + + outItem.nMerkleNodeID = savedMerkleNodes[outPair.Key.hash].nMerkleNodeID; + newOutpointItems.Add(outItem); } else { - merkleNode = queuedMerkleNodes[txID]; - if (!SaveMerkleNode(ref merkleNode)) - { - // Unable to save merkle tree cursor. - return false; - } - actualMerkleNodes.Add(txID, merkleNode); - } + // This outpount already exists, adding to update list. - var outItem = outPair.Value; - outItem.nMerkleNodeID = merkleNode.nMerkleNodeID; + updatedOutpointItems.Add(outItem); + } + } - queuedOutpointItems.Add(outItem); + if (updatedOutpointItems.Count != 0 && !UpdateOutpoints(ref updatedOutpointItems)) + { + return false; // Unable to update outpoints } - if (!SaveOutpoints(ref queuedOutpointItems)) + if (newOutpointItems.Count != 0 && !InsertOutpoints(ref newOutpointItems)) { - return false; // Unable to save outpoints + return false; // Unable to insert outpoints } return true; } /// - /// Insert set of outpoints + /// Insert set of new outpoints + /// + /// List of TxOutItem objects. + /// Result + private bool InsertOutpoints(ref List newOutpointItems) + { + return (dbConn.InsertAll(newOutpointItems, false) != 0); + } + + + /// + /// Update set of outpoints /// /// List of TxOutItem objects. /// Result - private bool SaveOutpoints(ref List queuedOutpointItems) + private bool UpdateOutpoints(ref List updatedOutpointItems) { - return dbConn.InsertAll(queuedOutpointItems, false) != 0; + return (dbConn.UpdateAll(updatedOutpointItems, false) != 0); } /// @@ -1564,11 +856,166 @@ namespace Novacoin return true; } - private bool ConnectInputs(CTransaction tx, Dictionary inputs, Dictionary queued, CBlockStoreItem cursor, bool fScriptChecks, scriptflag scriptFlags) + private bool ConnectInputs(ref CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary inputs, ref Dictionary queued, ref CBlockStoreItem cursorBlock, bool fBlock, bool fScriptChecks, scriptflag scriptFlags) { - throw new NotImplementedException(); + // Take over previous transactions' spent items + // fBlock is true when this is called from AcceptBlock when a new best-block is added to the blockchain + + if (!tx.IsCoinBase) + { + long nValueIn = 0; + long nFees = 0; + for (uint i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++) + { + var prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout; + Contract.Assert(inputs.ContainsKey(prevout)); + var input = inputs[prevout]; + + CBlockStoreItem parentBlockCursor; + + if (input.nMerkleNodeID == -1) + { + // This input seems as is confirmed by the same block. + + if (!queued.ContainsKey(prevout)) + { + return false; // No such output has been queued by this block. + } + + // TODO: Ensure that neither coinbase nor coinstake outputs are + // available for spending in the generation block. + } + else + { + // This input has been confirmed by one of the earlier accepted blocks. + + var merkleItem = GetMerkleCursor(input, out parentBlockCursor); + + if (merkleItem == null) + { + return false; // Unable to find merkle node + } + + // If prev is coinbase or coinstake, check that it's matured + if (merkleItem.IsCoinBase || merkleItem.IsCoinStake) + { + if (cursorBlock.nHeight - parentBlockCursor.nHeight < NetInfo.nGeneratedMaturity) + { + return false; // tried to spend non-matured generation input. + } + } + + // check transaction timestamp + if (merkleItem.nTime > tx.nTime) + { + return false; // transaction timestamp earlier than input transaction + } + } + + // Check for negative or overflow input values + nValueIn += input.nValue; + if (!CTransaction.MoneyRange(input.nValue) || !CTransaction.MoneyRange(nValueIn)) + { + return false; // txin values out of range + } + + } + + // The first loop above does all the inexpensive checks. + // Only if ALL inputs pass do we perform expensive ECDSA signature checks. + // Helps prevent CPU exhaustion attacks. + for (int i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++) + { + var prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout; + Contract.Assert(inputs.ContainsKey(prevout)); + var input = inputs[prevout]; + + // Check for conflicts (double-spend) + if (input.IsSpent) + { + return false; + } + + // Skip ECDSA signature verification when connecting blocks (fBlock=true) + // before the last blockchain checkpoint. This is safe because block merkle hashes are + // still computed and checked, and any change will be caught at the next checkpoint. + if (fScriptChecks) + { + // Verify signature + if (!ScriptCode.VerifyScript(tx.vin[i].scriptSig, input.scriptPubKey, tx, i, (int)scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH, 0)) + { + return false; // VerifyScript failed. + } + } + + // Mark outpoint as spent + input.IsSpent = true; + inputs[prevout] = input; + + // Write back + if (fBlock) + { + if (input.nMerkleNodeID != -1) + { + // Input has been confirmed earlier. + queued.Add(prevout, input); + } + else + { + // Input has been confirmed by current block. + queued[prevout] = input; + } + } + } + + if (tx.IsCoinStake) + { + if (HashCheckpoints.LastCheckpointTime < tx.nTime) + { + // Coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee + long nCoinAge; + if (!tx.GetCoinAge(ref inputs, out nCoinAge)) + { + return false; // unable to get coin age for coinstake + } + + long nReward = tx.nValueOut - nValueIn; + long nCalculatedReward = CBlock.GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, cursorBlock.nBits, tx.nTime) - tx.GetMinFee(1, false, CTransaction.MinFeeMode.GMF_BLOCK) + CTransaction.nCent; + + if (nReward > nCalculatedReward) + { + return false; // coinstake pays too much + } + } + } + else + { + if (nValueIn < tx.nValueOut) + { + return false; // value in < value out + } + + // Tally transaction fees + long nTxFee = nValueIn - tx.nValueOut; + if (nTxFee < 0) + { + return false; // nTxFee < 0 + } + + nFees += nTxFee; + + if (!CTransaction.MoneyRange(nFees)) + { + return false; // nFees out of range + } + } + + } + + return true; } + /// /// Set new top node or current best chain. /// @@ -1589,7 +1036,7 @@ namespace Novacoin /// Block hash /// Proof-of-stake hash /// Proof-of-Stake hash value - private bool GetProofOfStakeHash(uint256 blockHash, out uint256 hashProofOfStake) + private bool GetProofOfStakeHash(ref uint256 blockHash, out uint256 hashProofOfStake) { return mapProofOfStake.TryGetValue(blockHash, out hashProofOfStake); } @@ -1604,7 +1051,7 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; } - CBlockStoreItem prevBlockCursor = null; + CBlockStoreItem prevBlockCursor; if (!blockMap.TryGetValue(block.header.prevHash, out prevBlockCursor)) { // Unable to get the cursor. @@ -1613,7 +1060,6 @@ namespace Novacoin var prevBlockHeader = prevBlockCursor.BlockHeader; - // TODO: proof-of-work/proof-of-stake verification uint nHeight = prevBlockCursor.nHeight + 1; // Check timestamp against prev @@ -1632,18 +1078,36 @@ namespace Novacoin } } - // TODO: Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height + // Check that the block chain matches the known block chain up to a checkpoint + if (!HashCheckpoints.Verify(nHeight, nHash)) + { + return false; // rejected by checkpoint lock-in + } + + // Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height + var expect = new CScript(); + expect.AddNumber((int)nHeight); + + byte[] expectBytes = expect; + byte[] scriptSig = block.vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig; + + if (!expectBytes.SequenceEqual(scriptSig.Take(expectBytes.Length))) + { + return false; // coinbase doesn't start with serialized height. + } // Write block to file. - var itemTemplate = new CBlockStoreItem() + var newCursor = new CBlockStoreItem() { nHeight = nHeight, }; - itemTemplate.FillHeader(block.header); + newCursor.FillHeader(block.header); - if (!AddItemToIndex(ref itemTemplate, ref block)) + if (!AddItemToIndex(ref newCursor, ref block)) { + dbConn.Rollback(); + return false; } @@ -1651,7 +1115,7 @@ namespace Novacoin } /// - /// GEt block by hash. + /// Get block by hash. /// /// Block hash /// Block object reference @@ -1671,40 +1135,27 @@ namespace Novacoin return cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block); } - - /// - /// Interface for join - /// - interface IBlockJoinMerkle : IBlockStorageItem, IMerkleNode - { - } - /// /// Get block and transaction by transaction hash. /// /// Transaction hash /// Block reference - /// Transaction reference /// Block position reference - /// Transaction position reference /// Result of operation - public bool GetBlockByTransactionID(uint256 TxID, ref CBlock block, ref CTransaction tx, ref long nBlockPos, ref long nTxPos) + public bool GetBlockByTransactionID(uint256 TxID, out CBlock block, out long nBlockPos) { - var queryResult = dbConn.Query("select * from [BlockStorage] b left join [MerkleNodes] m on (b.[ItemID] = m.[nParentBlockID]) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])TxID); + block = null; + nBlockPos = -1; + + var queryResult = dbConn.Query("select b.* from [BlockStorage] b left join [MerkleNodes] m on (b.[ItemID] = m.[nParentBlockID]) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])TxID); if (queryResult.Count == 1) { - CBlockStoreItem blockCursor = (CBlockStoreItem) queryResult[0]; - CMerkleNode txCursor = (CMerkleNode)queryResult[0]; + CBlockStoreItem blockCursor = queryResult[0]; - var reader = new BinaryReader(fStreamReadWrite).BaseStream; + nBlockPos = blockCursor.nBlockPos; - if (!txCursor.ReadFromFile(ref reader, blockCursor.nBlockPos, out tx)) - { - return false; // Unable to read transaction - } - - return blockCursor.ReadFromFile(ref reader, out block); + return blockCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block); } // Tx not found @@ -1739,13 +1190,6 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; } - public bool WriteNodes(ref CMerkleNode[] merkleNodes) - { - - - return true; - } - /// /// Get block cursor from map. /// @@ -1766,6 +1210,34 @@ namespace Novacoin } /// + /// Get merkle node cursor by output metadata. + /// + /// Output metadata object + /// Merkle node cursor or null + public CMerkleNode GetMerkleCursor(TxOutItem item, out CBlockStoreItem blockCursor) + { + blockCursor = null; + + // Trying to get cursor from the database. + var QueryMerkleCursor = dbConn.Query("select * from [MerkleNodes] where [nMerkleNodeID] = ?", item.nMerkleNodeID); + + if (QueryMerkleCursor.Count == 1) + { + var merkleNode = QueryMerkleCursor[0]; + + // Search for block + var results = blockMap.Where(x => x.Value.ItemID == merkleNode.nParentBlockID).Select(x => x.Value).ToArray(); + + blockCursor = results[0]; + + return merkleNode; + } + + // Nothing found. + return null; + } + + /// /// Load cursor from database. /// /// Block hash @@ -1831,16 +1303,8 @@ namespace Novacoin if (block.IsProofOfStake) { - if (!block.SignatureOK) - { - // Proof-of-Stake signature validation failure. - return false; - } - - // TODO: proof-of-stake validation - uint256 hashProofOfStake = 0, targetProofOfStake = 0; - if (!StakeModifier.CheckProofOfStake(block.vtx[1], block.header.nBits, ref hashProofOfStake, ref targetProofOfStake)) + if (!StakeModifier.CheckProofOfStake(block.vtx[1], block.header.nBits, out hashProofOfStake, out targetProofOfStake)) { return false; // do not error here as we expect this during initial block download } @@ -1859,12 +1323,22 @@ namespace Novacoin { if (block.IsProofOfStake) { - // TODO: limit duplicity on stake + var proof = block.ProofOfStake; + + // Limited duplicity on stake: prevents block flood attack + // Duplicate stake allowed only when there is orphan child block + if (mapStakeSeenOrphan.ContainsKey(proof) && !orphanMapByPrev.ContainsKey(blockHash)) + { + return false; // duplicate proof-of-stake + } + else + { + mapStakeSeenOrphan.TryAdd(proof, blockHash); + } } - var block2 = new CBlock(block); - orphanMap.TryAdd(blockHash, block2); - orphanMapByPrev.TryAdd(blockHash, block2); + orphanMap.TryAdd(blockHash, block); + orphanMapByPrev.TryAdd(blockHash, block); return true; } @@ -1876,32 +1350,39 @@ namespace Novacoin return false; } - // Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one - var orphansQueue = new List(); - orphansQueue.Add(blockHash); - - for (int i = 0; i < orphansQueue.Count; i++) + if (orphanMapByPrev.Count > 0) { - var hashPrev = orphansQueue[i]; + // Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one - foreach (var pair in orphanMap) + var orphansQueue = new List(); + orphansQueue.Add(blockHash); + + for (int i = 0; i < orphansQueue.Count; i++) { - var orphanBlock = pair.Value; + var hashPrev = orphansQueue[i]; - if (orphanBlock.header.prevHash == blockHash) + foreach (var pair in orphanMapByPrev) { - if (AcceptBlock(ref orphanBlock)) + var orphanBlock = pair.Value; + + if (orphanBlock.header.prevHash == blockHash) { - orphansQueue.Add(pair.Key); - } + if (AcceptBlock(ref orphanBlock)) + { + orphansQueue.Add(pair.Key); + } + + CBlock dummy1; + orphanMap.TryRemove(pair.Key, out dummy1); - CBlock dummy1; - orphanMap.TryRemove(pair.Key, out dummy1); + uint256 dummyHash; + mapStakeSeenOrphan.TryRemove(orphanBlock.ProofOfStake, out dummyHash); + } } - } - CBlock dummy2; - orphanMap.TryRemove(hashPrev, out dummy2); + CBlock dummy2; + orphanMapByPrev.TryRemove(hashPrev, out dummy2); + } } return true; @@ -1917,11 +1398,10 @@ namespace Novacoin var intBuffer = new byte[4]; var fStream2 = File.OpenRead(BlockFile); - var readerForBlocks = new BinaryReader(fStream2).BaseStream; - readerForBlocks.Seek(nOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Seek to previous offset + previous block length + fStream2.Seek(nOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Seek to previous offset + previous block length - while (readerForBlocks.Read(buffer, 0, 4) == 4) // Read magic number + while (fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, 4) == 4) // Read magic number { var nMagic = BitConverter.ToUInt32(buffer, 0); if (nMagic != 0xe5e9e8e4) @@ -1929,7 +1409,7 @@ namespace Novacoin throw new Exception("Incorrect magic number."); } - var nBytesRead = readerForBlocks.Read(buffer, 0, 4); + var nBytesRead = fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, 4); if (nBytesRead != 4) { throw new Exception("BLKSZ EOF"); @@ -1937,9 +1417,9 @@ namespace Novacoin var nBlockSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0); - nOffset = readerForBlocks.Position; + nOffset = fStream2.Position; - nBytesRead = readerForBlocks.Read(buffer, 0, nBlockSize); + nBytesRead = fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, nBlockSize); if (nBytesRead == 0 || nBytesRead != nBlockSize) { @@ -1960,19 +1440,9 @@ namespace Novacoin } int nCount = blockMap.Count; - Console.WriteLine("nCount={0}, Hash={1}, Time={2}", nCount, block.header.Hash, DateTime.Now); // Commit on each 100th block - - /* - if (nCount % 100 == 0 && nCount != 0) - { - Console.WriteLine("Commit..."); - dbConn.Commit(); - dbConn.BeginTransaction(); - }*/ + Console.WriteLine("nCount={0}, Hash={1}, NumTx={2}, Time={3}", nCount, block.header.Hash, block.vtx.Length, DateTime.Now); } - dbConn.Commit(); - return true; }