Use nOneDay
[novacoin.git] / src / main.cpp
index 70bdce4..c41f43a 100644 (file)
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #include "checkpoints.h"
 #include "db.h"
 #include "txdb.h"
-#include "net.h"
 #include "init.h"
 #include "ui_interface.h"
 #include "checkqueue.h"
@@ -42,10 +41,10 @@ uint256 nPoWBase = uint256("0x00000000ffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000
 
 CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet(~uint256(0) >> 16);
 
-unsigned int nStakeMinAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30; // 30 days as zero time weight
-unsigned int nStakeMaxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 90; // 90 days as full weight
+unsigned int nStakeMinAge = 30 * nOneDay; // 30 days as zero time weight
+unsigned int nStakeMaxAge = 90 * nOneDay; // 90 days as full weight
 unsigned int nStakeTargetSpacing = 10 * 60; // 10-minute stakes spacing
-unsigned int nModifierInterval = 6 * 60 * 60; // time to elapse before new modifier is computed
+unsigned int nModifierInterval = 6 * nOneHour; // time to elapse before new modifier is computed
 
 int nCoinbaseMaturity = 500;
 
@@ -81,7 +80,6 @@ int64_t nMinimumInputValue = MIN_TXOUT_AMOUNT;
 
 // Ping and address broadcast intervals
 int64_t nPingInterval = 30 * 60;
-int64_t nBroadcastInterval = 24 * 60 * 60;
 
 extern enum Checkpoints::CPMode CheckpointsMode;
 
@@ -139,7 +137,7 @@ void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock, bool fUpdate,
 {
     if (!fConnect)
     {
-        // ppcoin: wallets need to refund inputs when disconnecting coinstake
+        // wallets need to refund inputs when disconnecting coinstake
         if (tx.IsCoinStake())
         {
             BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
@@ -182,10 +180,10 @@ void static Inventory(const uint256& hash)
 }
 
 // ask wallets to resend their transactions
-void ResendWalletTransactions()
+void ResendWalletTransactions(bool fForceResend)
 {
     BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
-        pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions();
+        pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions(fForceResend);
 }
 
 
@@ -430,9 +428,14 @@ unsigned int
 CTransaction::GetLegacySigOpCount() const
 {
     unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
-    BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
+    if (!IsCoinBase())
     {
-        nSigOps += txin.scriptSig.GetSigOpCount(false);
+        // Coinbase scriptsigs are never executed, so there is 
+        //    no sense in calculation of sigops.
+        BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
+        {
+            nSigOps += txin.scriptSig.GetSigOpCount(false);
+        }
     }
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)
     {
@@ -557,7 +560,7 @@ int64_t CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree, enum G
 
     if(IsCoinStake())
     {
-        // Enforce 0.01 as minimum fee for old approach or coinstake
+        // Enforce 0.01 as minimum fee for coinstake
         nMinTxFee = CENT;
         nMinRelayTxFee = CENT;
     }
@@ -614,6 +617,10 @@ bool CTxMemPool::accept(CTxDB& txdb, CTransaction &tx, bool fCheckInputs,
     if (pfMissingInputs)
         *pfMissingInputs = false;
 
+    // Time (prevent mempool memory exhaustion attack)
+    if (tx.nTime > FutureDrift(GetAdjustedTime()))
+        return tx.DoS(10, error("CTxMemPool::accept() : transaction timestamp is too far in the future"));
+
     if (!tx.CheckTransaction())
         return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : CheckTransaction failed");
 
@@ -732,7 +739,7 @@ bool CTxMemPool::accept(CTxDB& txdb, CTransaction &tx, bool fCheckInputs,
 
         // Check against previous transactions
         // This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
-        if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), pindexBest, false, false, true, SIG_SWITCH_TIME < tx.nTime ? STRICT_FLAGS : SOFT_FLAGS))
+        if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), pindexBest, false, false, true, STRICT_FLAGS))
         {
             return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
         }
@@ -1061,89 +1068,65 @@ int64_t GetProofOfStakeReward(int64_t nCoinAge, unsigned int nBits, int64_t nTim
 {
     int64_t nRewardCoinYear, nSubsidy, nSubsidyLimit = 10 * COIN;
 
-    if(fTestNet || nTime > STAKE_SWITCH_TIME)
-    {
-        // Stage 2 of emission process is PoS-based. It will be active on mainNet since 20 Jun 2013.
+    // Stage 2 of emission process is mostly PoS-based.
 
-        CBigNum bnRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE; // Base stake mint rate, 100% year interest
-        CBigNum bnTarget;
-        bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
-        CBigNum bnTargetLimit = GetProofOfStakeLimit(0, nTime);
-        bnTargetLimit.SetCompact(bnTargetLimit.GetCompact());
+    CBigNum bnRewardCoinYearLimit = MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE; // Base stake mint rate, 100% year interest
+    CBigNum bnTarget;
+    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
+    CBigNum bnTargetLimit = GetProofOfStakeLimit(0, nTime);
+    bnTargetLimit.SetCompact(bnTargetLimit.GetCompact());
 
-        // NovaCoin: A reasonably continuous curve is used to avoid shock to market
+    // A reasonably continuous curve is used to avoid shock to market
 
-        CBigNum bnLowerBound = 1 * CENT, // Lower interest bound is 1% per year
-            bnUpperBound = bnRewardCoinYearLimit, // Upper interest bound is 100% per year
-            bnMidPart, bnRewardPart;
+    CBigNum bnLowerBound = 1 * CENT, // Lower interest bound is 1% per year
+        bnUpperBound = bnRewardCoinYearLimit, // Upper interest bound is 100% per year
+        bnMidPart, bnRewardPart;
 
-        while (bnLowerBound + CENT <= bnUpperBound)
-        {
-            CBigNum bnMidValue = (bnLowerBound + bnUpperBound) / 2;
-            if(!fTestNet && nTime < STAKECURVE_SWITCH_TIME)
-            {
-                //
-                // Until 20 Oct 2013: reward for coin-year is cut in half every 64x multiply of PoS difficulty
-                //
-                // (nRewardCoinYearLimit / nRewardCoinYear) ** 6 == bnProofOfStakeLimit / bnTarget
-                //
-                // Human readable form: nRewardCoinYear = 1 / (posdiff ^ 1/6)
-                //
-
-                bnMidPart = bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue;
-                bnRewardPart = bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                //
-                // Since 20 Oct 2013: reward for coin-year is cut in half every 8x multiply of PoS difficulty
-                //
-                // (nRewardCoinYearLimit / nRewardCoinYear) ** 3 == bnProofOfStakeLimit / bnTarget
-                //
-                // Human readable form: nRewardCoinYear = 1 / (posdiff ^ 1/3)
-                //
-
-                bnMidPart = bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue;
-                bnRewardPart = bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit;
-            }
+    while (bnLowerBound + CENT <= bnUpperBound)
+    {
+        CBigNum bnMidValue = (bnLowerBound + bnUpperBound) / 2;
 
-            if (bnMidPart * bnTargetLimit > bnRewardPart * bnTarget)
-                bnUpperBound = bnMidValue;
-            else
-                bnLowerBound = bnMidValue;
-        }
+        //
+        // Reward for coin-year is cut in half every 8x multiply of PoS difficulty
+        //
+        // (nRewardCoinYearLimit / nRewardCoinYear) ** 3 == bnProofOfStakeLimit / bnTarget
+        //
+        // Human readable form: nRewardCoinYear = 1 / (posdiff ^ 1/3)
+        //
 
-        nRewardCoinYear = bnUpperBound.getuint64();
-        nRewardCoinYear = min((nRewardCoinYear / CENT) * CENT, MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // Old creation amount per coin-year, 5% fixed stake mint rate
-        nRewardCoinYear = 5 * CENT;
+        bnMidPart = bnMidValue * bnMidValue * bnMidValue;
+        bnRewardPart = bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit * bnRewardCoinYearLimit;
+
+        if (bnMidPart * bnTargetLimit > bnRewardPart * bnTarget)
+            bnUpperBound = bnMidValue;
+        else
+            bnLowerBound = bnMidValue;
     }
 
+    nRewardCoinYear = bnUpperBound.getuint64();
+    nRewardCoinYear = min((nRewardCoinYear / CENT) * CENT, MAX_MINT_PROOF_OF_STAKE);
+
     if(bCoinYearOnly)
         return nRewardCoinYear;
 
     nSubsidy = nCoinAge * nRewardCoinYear * 33 / (365 * 33 + 8);
 
-    // Set reasonable reward limit for large inputs since 20 Oct 2013
+    // Set reasonable reward limit for large inputs
     //
     // This will stimulate large holders to use smaller inputs, that's good for the network protection
-    if(fTestNet || STAKECURVE_SWITCH_TIME < nTime)
-    {
-        if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcreation") && nSubsidyLimit < nSubsidy)
-            printf("GetProofOfStakeReward(): %s is greater than %s, coinstake reward will be truncated\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy).c_str(), FormatMoney(nSubsidyLimit).c_str());
 
-        nSubsidy = min(nSubsidy, nSubsidyLimit);
-    }
+    if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcreation") && nSubsidyLimit < nSubsidy)
+        printf("GetProofOfStakeReward(): %s is greater than %s, coinstake reward will be truncated\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy).c_str(), FormatMoney(nSubsidyLimit).c_str());
+
+    nSubsidy = min(nSubsidy, nSubsidyLimit);
 
     if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcreation"))
         printf("GetProofOfStakeReward(): create=%s nCoinAge=%" PRId64 " nBits=%d\n", FormatMoney(nSubsidy).c_str(), nCoinAge, nBits);
+
     return nSubsidy;
 }
 
-static const int64_t nTargetTimespan = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60;  // one week
+static const int64_t nTargetTimespan = 7 * nOneDay;  // one week
 
 // get proof of work blocks max spacing according to hard-coded conditions
 int64_t inline GetTargetSpacingWorkMax(int nHeight, unsigned int nTime)
@@ -1169,7 +1152,7 @@ unsigned int ComputeMaxBits(CBigNum bnTargetLimit, unsigned int nBase, int64_t n
     {
         // Maximum 200% adjustment per day...
         bnResult *= 2;
-        nTime -= 24 * 60 * 60;
+        nTime -= nOneDay;
     }
     if (bnResult > bnTargetLimit)
         bnResult = bnTargetLimit;
@@ -1205,10 +1188,10 @@ const CBlockIndex* GetLastBlockIndex(const CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fProofOfSta
 
 unsigned int GetNextTargetRequired(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast, bool fProofOfStake)
 {
-    CBigNum bnTargetLimit = !fProofOfStake ? bnProofOfWorkLimit : GetProofOfStakeLimit(pindexLast->nHeight, pindexLast->nTime);
-
     if (pindexLast == NULL)
-        return bnTargetLimit.GetCompact(); // genesis block
+        return bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact(); // genesis block
+
+    CBigNum bnTargetLimit = !fProofOfStake ? bnProofOfWorkLimit : GetProofOfStakeLimit(pindexLast->nHeight, pindexLast->nTime);
 
     const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = GetLastBlockIndex(pindexLast, fProofOfStake);
     if (pindexPrev->pprev == NULL)
@@ -1269,7 +1252,7 @@ bool IsInitialBlockDownload()
         nLastUpdate = nCurrentTime;
     }
     return (nCurrentTime - nLastUpdate < 10 &&
-            pindexBest->GetBlockTime() < nCurrentTime - 24 * 60 * 60);
+            pindexBest->GetBlockTime() < nCurrentTime - nOneDay);
 }
 
 void static InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
@@ -1571,18 +1554,21 @@ bool CTransaction::ConnectInputs(CTxDB& txdb, MapPrevTx inputs, map<uint256, CTx
 
         if (IsCoinStake())
         {
-            // ppcoin: coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee
-            uint64_t nCoinAge;
-            if (!GetCoinAge(txdb, nCoinAge))
-                return error("ConnectInputs() : %s unable to get coin age for coinstake", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
+            if (nTime >  Checkpoints::GetLastCheckpointTime())
+            {
+                unsigned int nTxSize = GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
 
-            unsigned int nTxSize = (nTime > VALIDATION_SWITCH_TIME || fTestNet) ? GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) : 0;
+                // coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee
+                uint64_t nCoinAge;
+                if (!GetCoinAge(txdb, nCoinAge))
+                    return error("ConnectInputs() : %s unable to get coin age for coinstake", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
 
-            int64_t nReward = GetValueOut() - nValueIn;
-            int64_t nCalculatedReward = GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, pindexBlock->nBits, nTime) - GetMinFee(1, false, GMF_BLOCK, nTxSize) + CENT;
+                int64_t nReward = GetValueOut() - nValueIn;
+                int64_t nCalculatedReward = GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, pindexBlock->nBits, nTime) - GetMinFee(1, false, GMF_BLOCK, nTxSize) + CENT;
 
-            if (nReward > nCalculatedReward)
-                return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : coinstake pays too much(actual=%" PRId64 " vs calculated=%" PRId64 ")", nReward, nCalculatedReward));
+                if (nReward > nCalculatedReward)
+                    return DoS(100, error("ConnectInputs() : coinstake pays too much(actual=%" PRId64 " vs calculated=%" PRId64 ")", nReward, nCalculatedReward));
+            }
         }
         else
         {
@@ -1771,8 +1757,16 @@ bool CBlock::ConnectBlock(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fJustCheck)
             if (!tx.IsCoinStake())
                 nFees += nTxValueIn - nTxValueOut;
 
+            unsigned int nFlags = SCRIPT_VERIFY_NOCACHE | SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH;
+
+            if (tx.nTime >= CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY_SWITCH_TIME) {
+                nFlags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY;
+                // OP_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY is senseless without BIP68, so we're going disable it for now.
+                // nFlags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY;
+            }
+
             std::vector<CScriptCheck> vChecks;
-            if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapQueuedChanges, posThisTx, pindex, true, false, fScriptChecks, SCRIPT_VERIFY_NOCACHE | SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH, nScriptCheckThreads ? &vChecks : NULL))
+            if (!tx.ConnectInputs(txdb, mapInputs, mapQueuedChanges, posThisTx, pindex, true, false, fScriptChecks, nFlags, nScriptCheckThreads ? &vChecks : NULL))
                 return false;
             control.Add(vChecks);
         }
@@ -1843,11 +1837,11 @@ bool static Reorganize(CTxDB& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
     while (pfork != plonger)
     {
         while (plonger->nHeight > pfork->nHeight)
-            if (!(plonger = plonger->pprev))
+            if ((plonger = plonger->pprev) == NULL)
                 return error("Reorganize() : plonger->pprev is null");
         if (pfork == plonger)
             break;
-        if (!(pfork = pfork->pprev))
+        if ((pfork = pfork->pprev) == NULL)
             return error("Reorganize() : pfork->pprev is null");
     }
 
@@ -2113,7 +2107,7 @@ bool CTransaction::GetCoinAge(CTxDB& txdb, uint64_t& nCoinAge) const
             printf("coin age nValueIn=%" PRId64 " nTimeDiff=%d bnCentSecond=%s\n", nValueIn, nTime - txPrev.nTime, bnCentSecond.ToString().c_str());
     }
 
-    CBigNum bnCoinDay = bnCentSecond * CENT / COIN / (24 * 60 * 60);
+    CBigNum bnCoinDay = bnCentSecond * CENT / COIN / nOneDay;
     if (fDebug && GetBoolArg("-printcoinage"))
         printf("coin age bnCoinDay=%s\n", bnCoinDay.ToString().c_str());
     nCoinAge = bnCoinDay.getuint64();
@@ -2150,7 +2144,7 @@ bool CBlock::AddToBlockIndex(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos)
         return error("AddToBlockIndex() : %s already exists", hash.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
 
     // Construct new block index object
-    CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos, *this);
+    CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new(nothrow) CBlockIndex(nFile, nBlockPos, *this);
     if (!pindexNew)
         return error("AddToBlockIndex() : new CBlockIndex failed");
     pindexNew->phashBlock = &hash;
@@ -2351,10 +2345,19 @@ bool CBlock::AcceptBlock()
     if (nBits != GetNextTargetRequired(pindexPrev, IsProofOfStake()))
         return DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : incorrect %s", IsProofOfWork() ? "proof-of-work" : "proof-of-stake"));
 
+    int64_t nMedianTimePast = pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast();
+    int nMaxOffset = 12 * nOneHour; // 12 hours
+    if (fTestNet || pindexPrev->nTime < 1450569600)
+        nMaxOffset = 7 * nOneWeek; // One week (permanently on testNet or until 20 Dec, 2015 on mainNet)
+
     // Check timestamp against prev
-    if (GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast() || FutureDrift(GetBlockTime()) < pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())
+    if (GetBlockTime() <= nMedianTimePast || FutureDrift(GetBlockTime()) < pindexPrev->GetBlockTime())
         return error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too early");
 
+    // Don't accept blocks with future timestamps
+    if (pindexPrev->nHeight > 1 && nMedianTimePast  + nMaxOffset < GetBlockTime())
+        return error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too far in the future");
+
     // Check that all transactions are finalized
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
         if (!tx.IsFinal(nHeight, GetBlockTime()))
@@ -2413,21 +2416,9 @@ uint256 CBlockIndex::GetBlockTrust() const
     if (bnTarget <= 0)
         return 0;
 
-    /* Old protocol */
-    if (!fTestNet && GetBlockTime() < CHAINCHECKS_SWITCH_TIME)
-        return (IsProofOfStake()? ((CBigNum(1)<<256) / (bnTarget+1)).getuint256() : 1);
-
-    /* New protocol */
-
-    // Calculate work amount for block
-    uint256 nPoWTrust = (CBigNum(nPoWBase) / (bnTarget+1)).getuint256();
-
-    // Set nPowTrust to 1 if we are checking PoS block or PoW difficulty is too low
-    nPoWTrust = (IsProofOfStake() || nPoWTrust < 1) ? 1 : nPoWTrust;
-
-    // Return nPoWTrust for the first 12 blocks
+    // Return 1 for the first 12 blocks
     if (pprev == NULL || pprev->nHeight < 12)
-        return nPoWTrust;
+        return 1;
 
     const CBlockIndex* currentIndex = pprev;
 
@@ -2457,11 +2448,18 @@ uint256 CBlockIndex::GetBlockTrust() const
     }
     else
     {
+        // Calculate work amount for block
+        CBigNum bnPoWTrust = CBigNum(nPoWBase) / (bnTarget+1);
+
+        // Set nPowTrust to 1 if PoW difficulty is too low
+        if (bnPoWTrust < 1)
+            bnPoWTrust = 1;
+
         CBigNum bnLastBlockTrust = CBigNum(pprev->nChainTrust - pprev->pprev->nChainTrust);
 
         // Return nPoWTrust + 2/3 of previous block score if two parent blocks are not PoS blocks
         if (!(pprev->IsProofOfStake() && pprev->pprev->IsProofOfStake()))
-            return nPoWTrust + (2 * bnLastBlockTrust / 3).getuint256();
+            return (bnPoWTrust + 2 * bnLastBlockTrust / 3).getuint256();
 
         int nPoSCount = 0;
 
@@ -2475,7 +2473,7 @@ uint256 CBlockIndex::GetBlockTrust() const
 
         // Return nPoWTrust + 2/3 of previous block score if less than 7 PoS blocks found
         if (nPoSCount < 7)
-            return nPoWTrust + (2 * bnLastBlockTrust / 3).getuint256();
+            return (bnPoWTrust + 2 * bnLastBlockTrust / 3).getuint256();
 
         bnTarget.SetCompact(pprev->nBits);
 
@@ -2485,7 +2483,7 @@ uint256 CBlockIndex::GetBlockTrust() const
         CBigNum bnNewTrust = (CBigNum(1)<<256) / (bnTarget+1);
 
         // Return nPoWTrust + full trust score for previous block nBits
-        return nPoWTrust + bnNewTrust.getuint256();
+        return (bnPoWTrust + bnNewTrust).getuint256();
     }
 }
 
@@ -2509,7 +2507,7 @@ bool static ReserealizeBlockSignature(CBlock* pblock)
         return true;
     }
 
-    return CKey::ReserealizeSignature(pblock->vchBlockSig);
+    return CPubKey::ReserealizeSignature(pblock->vchBlockSig);
 }
 
 bool static IsCanonicalBlockSignature(CBlock* pblock)
@@ -2529,6 +2527,13 @@ bool ProcessBlock(CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock)
     if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hash))
         return error("ProcessBlock() : already have block (orphan) %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
 
+    // Check that block isn't listed as unconditionally banned.
+    if (!Checkpoints::CheckBanned(hash)) {
+        if (pfrom)
+            pfrom->Misbehaving(100);
+        return error("ProcessBlock() : block %s is rejected by hard-coded banlist", hash.GetHex().substr(0,20).c_str());
+    }
+
     // Check proof-of-stake
     // Limited duplicity on stake: prevents block flood attack
     // Duplicate stake allowed only when there is orphan child block
@@ -2650,26 +2655,23 @@ bool ProcessBlock(CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock)
 // ppcoin: check block signature
 bool CBlock::CheckBlockSignature() const
 {
-    if (IsProofOfWork())
-        return true;
+    if (vchBlockSig.empty())
+        return false;
 
-    vector<valtype> vSolutions;
     txnouttype whichType;
-
-    const CTxOut& txout = vtx[1].vout[1];
-
-    if (!Solver(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
+    vector<valtype> vSolutions;
+    if (!Solver(vtx[1].vout[1].scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
         return false;
+
     if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
     {
         valtype& vchPubKey = vSolutions[0];
-        CKey key;
-        if (!key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey))
-            return false;
-        if (vchBlockSig.empty())
+        CPubKey key(vchPubKey);
+        if (!key.IsValid())
             return false;
         return key.Verify(GetHash(), vchBlockSig);
     }
+
     return false;
 }
 
@@ -2699,7 +2701,7 @@ static filesystem::path BlockFilePath(unsigned int nFile)
 
 FILE* OpenBlockFile(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos, const char* pszMode)
 {
-    if ((nFile < 1) || (nFile == (unsigned int) -1))
+    if ((nFile < 1) || (nFile == std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()))
         return NULL;
     FILE* file = fopen(BlockFilePath(nFile).string().c_str(), pszMode);
     if (!file)
@@ -2720,7 +2722,7 @@ static unsigned int nCurrentBlockFile = 1;
 FILE* AppendBlockFile(unsigned int& nFileRet)
 {
     nFileRet = 0;
-    while (true)
+    for ( ; ; )
     {
         FILE* file = OpenBlockFile(nCurrentBlockFile, 0, "ab");
         if (!file)
@@ -2760,7 +2762,7 @@ bool LoadBlockIndex(bool fAllowNew)
         pchMessageStart[3] = 0xef;
 
         bnProofOfWorkLimit = bnProofOfWorkLimitTestNet; // 16 bits PoW target limit for testnet
-        nStakeMinAge = 2 * 60 * 60; // test net min age is 2 hours
+        nStakeMinAge = 2 * nOneHour; // test net min age is 2 hours
         nModifierInterval = 20 * 60; // test modifier interval is 20 minutes
         nCoinbaseMaturity = 10; // test maturity is 10 blocks
         nStakeTargetSpacing = 5 * 60; // test block spacing is 5 minutes
@@ -2966,15 +2968,15 @@ bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn)
         try {
             CAutoFile blkdat(fileIn, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
             unsigned int nPos = 0;
-            while (nPos != (unsigned int)-1 && blkdat.good() && !fRequestShutdown)
+            while (nPos != std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() && blkdat.good() && !fRequestShutdown)
             {
                 unsigned char pchData[65536];
                 do {
                     fseek(blkdat, nPos, SEEK_SET);
-                    int nRead = fread(pchData, 1, sizeof(pchData), blkdat);
+                    size_t nRead = fread(pchData, 1, sizeof(pchData), blkdat);
                     if (nRead <= 8)
                     {
-                        nPos = (unsigned int)-1;
+                        nPos = std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
                         break;
                     }
                     void* nFind = memchr(pchData, pchMessageStart[0], nRead+1-sizeof(pchMessageStart));
@@ -2990,7 +2992,7 @@ bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn)
                     else
                         nPos += sizeof(pchData) - sizeof(pchMessageStart) + 1;
                 } while(!fRequestShutdown);
-                if (nPos == (unsigned int)-1)
+                if (nPos == std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
                     break;
                 fseek(blkdat, nPos, SEEK_SET);
                 unsigned int nSize;
@@ -3007,7 +3009,7 @@ bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn)
                 }
             }
         }
-        catch (std::exception &e) {
+        catch (const std::exception&) {
             printf("%s() : Deserialize or I/O error caught during load\n",
                    BOOST_CURRENT_FUNCTION);
         }
@@ -3034,7 +3036,7 @@ string GetWarnings(string strFor)
         strRPC = "test";
 
     // Misc warnings like out of disk space and clock is wrong
-    if (strMiscWarning != "")
+    if (!strMiscWarning.empty())
     {
         nPriority = 1000;
         strStatusBar = strMiscWarning;
@@ -3042,7 +3044,7 @@ string GetWarnings(string strFor)
 
     // if detected unmet upgrade requirement enter safe mode
     // Note: Modifier upgrade requires blockchain redownload if past protocol switch
-    if (IsFixedModifierInterval(nModifierUpgradeTime + 60*60*24)) // 1 day margin
+    if (IsFixedModifierInterval(nModifierUpgradeTime + nOneDay)) // 1 day margin
     {
         nPriority = 5000;
         strStatusBar = strRPC = "WARNING: Blockchain redownload required approaching or past v.0.4.4.6u4 upgrade deadline.";
@@ -3305,7 +3307,7 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
             if (fShutdown)
                 return true;
             if (addr.nTime <= 100000000 || addr.nTime > nNow + 10 * 60)
-                addr.nTime = nNow - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60;
+                addr.nTime = nNow - 5 * nOneDay;
             pfrom->AddAddressKnown(addr);
             bool fReachable = IsReachable(addr);
             if (addr.nTime > nSince && !pfrom->fGetAddr && vAddr.size() <= 10 && addr.IsRoutable())
@@ -3319,7 +3321,7 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
                     if (hashSalt == 0)
                         hashSalt = GetRandHash();
                     uint64_t hashAddr = addr.GetHash();
-                    uint256 hashRand = hashSalt ^ (hashAddr<<32) ^ ((GetTime()+hashAddr)/(24*60*60));
+                    uint256 hashRand = hashSalt ^ (hashAddr<<32) ^ ((GetTime()+hashAddr)/nOneDay);
                     hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
                     multimap<uint256, CNode*> mapMix;
                     BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
@@ -3341,7 +3343,7 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
             if (fReachable)
                 vAddrOk.push_back(addr);
         }
-        addrman.Add(vAddrOk, pfrom->addr, 2 * 60 * 60);
+        addrman.Add(vAddrOk, pfrom->addr, 2 * nOneHour);
         if (vAddr.size() < 1000)
             pfrom->fGetAddr = false;
         if (pfrom->fOneShot)
@@ -3359,15 +3361,15 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
         }
 
         // find last block in inv vector
-        unsigned int nLastBlock = (unsigned int)(-1);
-        for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++) {
+        size_t nLastBlock = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
+        for (size_t nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++) {
             if (vInv[vInv.size() - 1 - nInv].type == MSG_BLOCK) {
                 nLastBlock = vInv.size() - 1 - nInv;
                 break;
             }
         }
         CTxDB txdb("r");
-        for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++)
+        for (size_t nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++)
         {
             const CInv &inv = vInv[nInv];
 
@@ -3643,10 +3645,15 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
     }
 
 
-    else if (strCommand == "getaddr")
+    // This asymmetric behavior for inbound and outbound connections was introduced
+    // to prevent a fingerprinting attack: an attacker can send specific fake addresses
+    // to users' AddrMan and later request them by sending getaddr messages. 
+    // Making users (which are behind NAT and can only make outgoing connections) ignore 
+    // getaddr message mitigates the attack.
+    else if ((strCommand == "getaddr") && (pfrom->fInbound))
     {
         // Don't return addresses older than nCutOff timestamp
-        int64_t nCutOff = GetTime() - (nNodeLifespan * 24 * 60 * 60);
+        int64_t nCutOff = GetTime() - (nNodeLifespan * nOneDay);
         pfrom->vAddrToSend.clear();
         vector<CAddress> vAddr = addrman.GetAddr();
         BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress &addr, vAddr)
@@ -3678,7 +3685,7 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
 
         if (!GetBoolArg("-allowreceivebyip"))
         {
-            pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)2, string(""));
+            pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, 2, string(""));
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -3694,7 +3701,7 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
         // Send back approval of order and pubkey to use
         CScript scriptPubKey;
         scriptPubKey << mapReuseKey[pfrom->addr] << OP_CHECKSIG;
-        pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, (int)0, scriptPubKey);
+        pfrom->PushMessage("reply", hashReply, 0, scriptPubKey);
     }
 
 
@@ -3720,23 +3727,20 @@ bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
 
     else if (strCommand == "ping")
     {
-        if (pfrom->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
-        {
-            uint64_t nonce = 0;
-            vRecv >> nonce;
-            // Echo the message back with the nonce. This allows for two useful features:
-            //
-            // 1) A remote node can quickly check if the connection is operational
-            // 2) Remote nodes can measure the latency of the network thread. If this node
-            //    is overloaded it won't respond to pings quickly and the remote node can
-            //    avoid sending us more work, like chain download requests.
-            //
-            // The nonce stops the remote getting confused between different pings: without
-            // it, if the remote node sends a ping once per second and this node takes 5
-            // seconds to respond to each, the 5th ping the remote sends would appear to
-            // return very quickly.
-            pfrom->PushMessage("pong", nonce);
-        }
+        uint64_t nonce = 0;
+        vRecv >> nonce;
+        // Echo the message back with the nonce. This allows for two useful features:
+        //
+        // 1) A remote node can quickly check if the connection is operational
+        // 2) Remote nodes can measure the latency of the network thread. If this node
+        //    is overloaded it won't respond to pings quickly and the remote node can
+        //    avoid sending us more work, like chain download requests.
+        //
+        // The nonce stops the remote getting confused between different pings: without
+        // it, if the remote node sends a ping once per second and this node takes 5
+        // seconds to respond to each, the 5th ping the remote sends would appear to
+        // return very quickly.
+        pfrom->PushMessage("pong", nonce);
     }
 
 
@@ -3803,7 +3807,7 @@ bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom)
     //  (x) data
     //
 
-    while (true)
+    for ( ; ; )
     {
         // Don't bother if send buffer is too full to respond anyway
         if (pfrom->vSend.size() >= SendBufferSize())
@@ -3912,6 +3916,9 @@ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
 {
     TRY_LOCK(cs_main, lockMain);
     if (lockMain) {
+        // Current time in microseconds
+        int64_t nNow = GetTimeMicros();
+
         // Don't send anything until we get their version message
         if (pto->nVersion == 0)
             return true;
@@ -3920,10 +3927,7 @@ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
         // right now.
         if (pto->nLastSend && GetTime() - pto->nLastSend > nPingInterval && pto->vSend.empty()) {
             uint64_t nonce = 0;
-            if (pto->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
-                pto->PushMessage("ping", nonce);
-            else
-                pto->PushMessage("ping");
+            pto->PushMessage("ping", nonce);
         }
 
         // Start block sync
@@ -3936,39 +3940,20 @@ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
         ResendWalletTransactions();
 
         // Address refresh broadcast
-        static int64_t nLastRebroadcast;
-        if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && (GetTime() - nLastRebroadcast > nBroadcastInterval))
-        {
-            {
-                LOCK(cs_vNodes);
-                BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
-                {
-                    // Periodically clear setAddrKnown to allow refresh broadcasts
-                    if (nLastRebroadcast)
-                        pnode->setAddrKnown.clear();
-
-                    // Rebroadcast our address
-                    if (!fNoListen)
-                    {
-                        CAddress addr = GetLocalAddress(&pnode->addr);
-                        if (addr.IsRoutable())
-                            pnode->PushAddress(addr);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            nLastRebroadcast = GetTime();
+        if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && pto->nNextLocalAddrSend < nNow) {
+            AdvertiseLocal(pto);
+            pto->nNextLocalAddrSend = PoissonNextSend(nNow, nOneDay);
         }
 
         //
         // Message: addr
         //
-        if (fSendTrickle)
-        {
+        if (pto->nNextAddrSend < nNow) {
+            pto->nNextAddrSend = PoissonNextSend(nNow, 30);
             vector<CAddress> vAddr;
             vAddr.reserve(pto->vAddrToSend.size());
             BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress& addr, pto->vAddrToSend)
             {
-                // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
                 if (pto->setAddrKnown.insert(addr).second)
                 {
                     vAddr.push_back(addr);
@@ -3985,13 +3970,17 @@ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
                 pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
         }
 
-
         //
         // Message: inventory
         //
         vector<CInv> vInv;
         vector<CInv> vInvWait;
         {
+            bool fSendTrickle = false;
+            if (pto->nNextInvSend < nNow) {
+                fSendTrickle = true;
+                pto->nNextInvSend = PoissonNextSend(nNow, 5);
+            }
             LOCK(pto->cs_inventory);
             vInv.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
             vInvWait.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
@@ -4011,15 +4000,6 @@ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
                     hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
                     bool fTrickleWait = ((hashRand & 3) != 0);
 
-                    // always trickle our own transactions
-                    if (!fTrickleWait)
-                    {
-                        CWalletTx wtx;
-                        if (GetTransaction(inv.hash, wtx))
-                            if (wtx.fFromMe)
-                                fTrickleWait = true;
-                    }
-
                     if (fTrickleWait)
                     {
                         vInvWait.push_back(inv);
@@ -4048,7 +4028,6 @@ bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
         // Message: getdata
         //
         vector<CInv> vGetData;
-        int64_t nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
         CTxDB txdb("r");
         while (!pto->mapAskFor.empty() && (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).first <= nNow)
         {
@@ -4094,4 +4073,4 @@ public:
 
         // orphan transactions
     }
-} instance_of_cmaincleanup;
\ No newline at end of file
+} instance_of_cmaincleanup;