2 * Novacoin classes library
3 * Copyright (C) 2015 Alex D. (balthazar.ad@gmail.com)
5 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
8 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
16 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
25 using SQLite.Net.Interop;
26 using SQLite.Net.Platform.Generic;
27 using System.Collections.Generic;
29 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
34 public class CBlockStore : IDisposable
36 public const uint nMagicNumber = 0xe5e9e8e4;
38 private bool disposed = false;
39 private object LockObj = new object();
42 /// SQLite connection object.
44 private SQLiteConnection dbConn;
47 /// Current SQLite platform
49 private ISQLitePlatform dbPlatform;
54 private string strBlockFile;
57 /// Index database file.
59 private string strDbFile;
62 /// Map of block tree nodes.
64 /// blockHash => CBlockStoreItem
66 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlockStoreItem> blockMap = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlockStoreItem>();
69 /// Orphaned blocks map.
71 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock> orphanMap = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock>();
72 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock> orphanMapByPrev = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CBlock>();
75 /// Unconfirmed transactions.
77 /// TxID => Transaction
79 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CTransaction> mapUnconfirmedTx = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, CTransaction>();
82 /// Map of the proof-of-stake hashes. This is necessary for stake duplication checks.
84 private ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, uint256> mapProofOfStake = new ConcurrentDictionary<uint256, uint256>();
87 private ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint> mapStakeSeen = new ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint>();
88 private ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint> mapStakeSeenOrphan = new ConcurrentDictionary<COutPoint, uint>();
92 /// Copy of chain state object.
94 private ChainState ChainParams;
97 /// Cursor which is pointing us to the end of best chain.
99 private CBlockStoreItem bestBlockCursor = null;
102 /// Cursor which is always pointing us to genesis block.
104 private CBlockStoreItem genesisBlockCursor = null;
107 /// Current and the only instance of block storage manager. Should be a property with private setter though it's enough for the beginning.
109 public static CBlockStore Instance = null;
112 /// Block file stream with read/write access
114 private Stream fStreamReadWrite;
115 private uint nTimeBestReceived;
116 private int nTransactionsUpdated;
119 /// Init the block storage manager.
121 /// <param name="IndexDB">Path to index database</param>
122 /// <param name="BlockFile">Path to block file</param>
123 public CBlockStore(string IndexDB = "blockstore.dat", string BlockFile = "blk0001.dat")
126 strBlockFile = BlockFile;
128 bool firstInit = !File.Exists(strDbFile);
129 dbPlatform = new SQLitePlatformGeneric();
130 dbConn = new SQLiteConnection(dbPlatform, strDbFile);
132 fStreamReadWrite = File.Open(strBlockFile, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
141 dbConn.CreateTable<CBlockStoreItem>(CreateFlags.AutoIncPK);
142 dbConn.CreateTable<CMerkleNode>(CreateFlags.AutoIncPK);
143 dbConn.CreateTable<TxOutItem>(CreateFlags.ImplicitPK);
144 dbConn.CreateTable<ChainState>(CreateFlags.AutoIncPK);
146 ChainParams = new ChainState()
153 dbConn.Insert(ChainParams);
155 var genesisBlock = new CBlock(
157 "01000000" + // nVersion=1
158 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + // prevhash is zero
159 "7b0502ad2f9f675528183f83d6385794fbcaa914e6d385c6cb1d866a3b3bb34c" + // merkle root
160 "398e1151" + // nTime=1360105017
161 "ffff0f1e" + // nBits=0x1e0fffff
162 "d3091800" + // nNonce=1575379
164 "01000000" + // nVersion=1
165 "398e1151" + // nTime=1360105017
167 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + // input txid is zero
168 "ffffffff" + // n=uint.maxValue
169 "4d" + // scriptSigLen=77
170 "04ffff001d020f274468747470733a2f2f626974636f696e74616c6b2e6f72672f696e6465782e7068703f746f7069633d3133343137392e6d736731353032313936236d736731353032313936" + // scriptSig
171 "ffffffff" + // nSequence=uint.maxValue
173 "0000000000000000" + // nValue=0
174 "00" + // scriptPubkeyLen=0
175 "00000000" + // nLockTime=0
179 // Write block to file.
180 var itemTemplate = new CBlockStoreItem()
185 itemTemplate.FillHeader(genesisBlock.header);
187 if (!AddItemToIndex(ref itemTemplate, ref genesisBlock))
189 throw new Exception("Unable to write genesis block");
195 var blockTreeItems = dbConn.Query<CBlockStoreItem>("select * from [BlockStorage] order by [ItemId] asc");
197 // Init list of block items
198 foreach (var item in blockTreeItems)
200 blockMap.TryAdd(item.Hash, item);
202 if (item.IsProofOfStake)
204 // build mapStakeSeen
205 mapStakeSeen.TryAdd(item.prevoutStake, item.nStakeTime);
209 // Load data about the top node.
210 ChainParams = dbConn.Table<ChainState>().First();
214 public bool GetTxOutCursor(COutPoint outpoint, ref TxOutItem txOutCursor)
216 var queryResults = dbConn.Query<TxOutItem>("select o.* from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on (m.nMerkleNodeID = o.nMerkleNodeID) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])outpoint.hash);
218 if (queryResults.Count == 1)
220 txOutCursor = queryResults[0];
230 public bool FetchInputs(CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> queued, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> inputs, bool IsBlock, out bool Invalid)
236 // Coinbase transactions have no inputs to fetch.
240 StringBuilder queryBuilder = new StringBuilder();
242 queryBuilder.Append("select o.*, m.[TransactionHash] from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on (m.[nMerkleNodeID] = o.[nMerkleNodeID]) where ");
244 for (var i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++)
246 queryBuilder.AppendFormat(" {0} (m.[TransactionHash] = x'{1}' and o.[OutputNumber] = x'{2}')",
247 (i > 0 ? "or" : string.Empty), Interop.ToHex(tx.vin[i].prevout.hash),
248 Interop.ToHex(VarInt.EncodeVarInt(tx.vin[i].prevout.n)
252 var queryResults = dbConn.Query<InputsJoin>(queryBuilder.ToString());
254 foreach (var item in queryResults)
258 return false; // Already spent
261 var inputsKey = new COutPoint(item.TransactionHash, item.nOut);
263 // Add output data to dictionary
264 inputs.Add(inputsKey, item.getTxOutItem());
267 if (queryResults.Count < tx.vin.Length)
271 // It seems that some transactions are being spent in the same block.
273 foreach (var txin in tx.vin)
275 var outPoint = txin.prevout;
277 if (inputs.ContainsKey(outPoint))
279 continue; // We have already seen this input.
282 if (!queued.ContainsKey(outPoint))
284 return false; // No such transaction
287 // Add output data to dictionary
288 inputs.Add(outPoint, queued[outPoint]);
290 // Mark output as spent
291 // queued[outPoint].IsSpent = true;
296 // Unconfirmed transaction
298 foreach (var txin in tx.vin)
300 var outPoint = txin.prevout;
303 if (!mapUnconfirmedTx.TryGetValue(outPoint.hash, out txPrev))
305 return false; // No such transaction
308 if (outPoint.n > txPrev.vout.Length)
312 return false; // nOut is out of range
315 // TODO: return inputs from map
316 throw new NotImplementedException();
327 private bool AddItemToIndex(ref CBlockStoreItem itemTemplate, ref CBlock block)
329 uint256 blockHash = itemTemplate.Hash;
331 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(blockHash))
333 // Already have this block.
338 dbConn.BeginTransaction();
340 // Compute chain trust score
341 itemTemplate.nChainTrust = (itemTemplate.prev != null ? itemTemplate.prev.nChainTrust : 0) + itemTemplate.nBlockTrust;
343 if (!itemTemplate.SetStakeEntropyBit(Entropy.GetStakeEntropyBit(itemTemplate.nHeight, blockHash)))
345 return false; // SetStakeEntropyBit() failed
348 // Save proof-of-stake hash value
349 if (itemTemplate.IsProofOfStake)
351 uint256 hashProofOfStake;
352 if (!GetProofOfStakeHash(blockHash, out hashProofOfStake))
354 return false; // hashProofOfStake not found
356 itemTemplate.hashProofOfStake = hashProofOfStake;
359 // compute stake modifier
360 long nStakeModifier = 0;
361 bool fGeneratedStakeModifier = false;
362 if (!StakeModifier.ComputeNextStakeModifier(itemTemplate, ref nStakeModifier, ref fGeneratedStakeModifier))
364 return false; // ComputeNextStakeModifier() failed
367 itemTemplate.SetStakeModifier(nStakeModifier, fGeneratedStakeModifier);
368 itemTemplate.nStakeModifierChecksum = StakeModifier.GetStakeModifierChecksum(itemTemplate);
370 // TODO: verify stake modifier checkpoints
373 if (block.IsProofOfStake)
375 itemTemplate.SetProofOfStake();
377 itemTemplate.prevoutStake = block.vtx[1].vin[0].prevout;
378 itemTemplate.nStakeTime = block.vtx[1].nTime;
381 if (!itemTemplate.WriteToFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, ref block))
386 if (dbConn.Insert(itemTemplate) == 0)
388 return false; // Insert failed
392 itemTemplate.ItemID = dbPlatform.SQLiteApi.LastInsertRowid(dbConn.Handle);
394 if (!blockMap.TryAdd(blockHash, itemTemplate))
396 return false; // blockMap add failed
399 if (itemTemplate.nChainTrust > ChainParams.nBestChainTrust)
403 if (!SetBestChain(ref itemTemplate))
405 return false; // SetBestChain failed.
409 // Commit transaction
415 private bool SetBestChain(ref CBlockStoreItem cursor)
417 uint256 hashBlock = cursor.Hash;
419 if (genesisBlockCursor == null && hashBlock == NetInfo.nHashGenesisBlock)
421 genesisBlockCursor = cursor;
423 else if (ChainParams.nHashBestChain == (uint256)cursor.prevHash)
425 if (!SetBestChainInner(cursor))
432 // the first block in the new chain that will cause it to become the new best chain
433 var cursorIntermediate = cursor;
435 // list of blocks that need to be connected afterwards
436 var secondary = new List<CBlockStoreItem>();
438 // Reorganize is costly in terms of db load, as it works in a single db transaction.
439 // Try to limit how much needs to be done inside
440 while (cursorIntermediate.prev != null && cursorIntermediate.prev.nChainTrust > bestBlockCursor.nChainTrust)
442 secondary.Add(cursorIntermediate);
443 cursorIntermediate = cursorIntermediate.prev;
446 // Switch to new best branch
447 if (!Reorganize(cursorIntermediate))
449 InvalidChainFound(cursor);
450 return false; // reorganize failed
453 // Connect further blocks
454 foreach (var currentCursor in secondary)
457 if (!currentCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
459 // ReadFromDisk failed
463 // errors now are not fatal, we still did a reorganisation to a new chain in a valid way
464 if (!SetBestChainInner(currentCursor))
471 bestBlockCursor = cursor;
472 nTimeBestReceived = Interop.GetTime();
473 nTransactionsUpdated++;
478 private void InvalidChainFound(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
480 throw new NotImplementedException();
483 private bool Reorganize(CBlockStoreItem cursorIntermediate)
486 var fork = bestBlockCursor;
487 var longer = cursorIntermediate;
489 while (fork.ItemID != longer.ItemID)
491 while (longer.nHeight > fork.nHeight)
493 if ((longer = longer.prev) == null)
495 return false; // longer.prev is null
499 if (fork.ItemID == longer.ItemID)
504 if ((fork = fork.prev) == null)
506 return false; // fork.prev is null
510 // List of what to disconnect
511 var disconnect = new List<CBlockStoreItem>();
512 for (var cursor = bestBlockCursor; cursor.ItemID != fork.ItemID; cursor = cursor.prev)
514 disconnect.Add(cursor);
517 // List of what to connect
518 var connect = new List<CBlockStoreItem>();
519 for (var cursor = cursorIntermediate; cursor.ItemID != fork.ItemID; cursor = cursor.prev)
525 // Disconnect shorter branch
526 var txResurrect = new List<CTransaction>();
527 foreach (var blockCursor in disconnect)
530 if (!blockCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
532 return false; // ReadFromFile for disconnect failed.
534 if (!DisconnectBlock(blockCursor, ref block))
536 return false; // DisconnectBlock failed.
539 // Queue memory transactions to resurrect
540 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
542 if (!tx.IsCoinBase && !tx.IsCoinStake)
550 // Connect longer branch
551 var txDelete = new List<CTransaction>();
552 foreach (var cursor in connect)
555 if (!cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
557 return false; // ReadFromDisk for connect failed
560 if (!ConnectBlock(cursor, ref block))
563 return false; // ConnectBlock failed
566 // Queue memory transactions to delete
567 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
573 if (!UpdateTopChain(cursorIntermediate))
575 return false; // UpdateTopChain failed
578 // Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch
579 foreach (var tx in txResurrect)
581 mapUnconfirmedTx.TryAdd(tx.Hash, tx);
584 // Delete redundant memory transactions that are in the connected branch
585 foreach (var tx in txDelete)
588 mapUnconfirmedTx.TryRemove(tx.Hash, out dummy);
594 private bool DisconnectBlock(CBlockStoreItem blockCursor, ref CBlock block)
596 throw new NotImplementedException();
599 private bool SetBestChainInner(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
601 uint256 hash = cursor.Hash;
603 if (!cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block))
605 return false; // Unable to read block from file.
608 // Adding to current best branch
609 if (!ConnectBlock(cursor, ref block) || !UpdateTopChain(cursor))
611 InvalidChainFound(cursor);
615 // Add to current best branch
616 cursor.prev.next = cursor;
618 // Delete redundant memory transactions
619 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
622 mapUnconfirmedTx.TryRemove(tx.Hash, out dummy);
628 private bool ConnectBlock(CBlockStoreItem cursor, ref CBlock block, bool fJustCheck = false)
630 // Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in, but skip BlockSig checking
631 if (!block.CheckBlock(!fJustCheck, !fJustCheck, false))
633 return false; // Invalid block found.
636 bool fScriptChecks = cursor.nHeight >= Checkpoints.TotalBlocksEstimate;
637 var scriptFlags = scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_NOCACHE | scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH;
644 var queuedMerkleNodes = new Dictionary<uint256, CMerkleNode>();
645 var queuedOutputs = new Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem>();
647 for (var nTx = 0; nTx < block.vtx.Length; nTx++)
649 var tx = block.vtx[nTx];
650 var hashTx = tx.Hash;
652 if (!queuedMerkleNodes.ContainsKey(hashTx))
654 var nTxPos = cursor.nBlockPos + block.GetTxOffset(nTx);
655 var mNode = new CMerkleNode(cursor.ItemID, nTxPos, tx);
657 queuedMerkleNodes.Add(hashTx, mNode);
660 Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> txouts;
661 if (GetOutputs(hashTx, out txouts))
663 // Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
664 // unless those are already completely spent.
668 nSigOps += tx.LegacySigOpCount;
669 if (nSigOps > CBlock.nMaxSigOps)
671 return false; // too many sigops
674 var inputs = new Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem>();
678 nValueOut += tx.nValueOut;
683 if (!FetchInputs(tx, ref queuedOutputs, ref inputs, true, out Invalid))
685 return false; // Unable to fetch some inputs.
688 // Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs;
689 // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating
690 // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block.
691 nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(ref inputs);
692 if (nSigOps > CBlock.nMaxSigOps)
694 return false; // too many sigops
697 ulong nTxValueIn = tx.GetValueIn(ref inputs);
698 ulong nTxValueOut = tx.nValueOut;
700 nValueIn += nTxValueIn;
701 nValueOut += nTxValueOut;
705 nFees += nTxValueIn - nTxValueOut;
708 if (!ConnectInputs(tx, ref inputs, ref queuedOutputs, ref cursor, true, fScriptChecks, scriptFlags))
714 for (var i = 0u; i < tx.vout.Length; i++)
716 var outKey = new COutPoint(hashTx, i);
717 var outData = new TxOutItem()
720 nValue = tx.vout[i].nValue,
721 scriptPubKey = tx.vout[i].scriptPubKey,
726 queuedOutputs.Add(outKey, outData);
730 if (!block.IsProofOfStake)
732 ulong nBlockReward = CBlock.GetProofOfWorkReward(cursor.nBits, nFees);
734 // Check coinbase reward
735 if (block.vtx[0].nValueOut > nBlockReward)
737 return false; // coinbase reward exceeded
741 cursor.nMint = (long)(nValueOut - nValueIn + nFees);
742 cursor.nMoneySupply = (cursor.prev != null ? cursor.prev.nMoneySupply : 0) + (long)nValueOut - (long)nValueIn;
744 if (!UpdateDBCursor(ref cursor))
746 return false; // Unable to commit changes
754 // Flush merkle nodes.
755 var savedMerkleNodes = new Dictionary<uint256, CMerkleNode>();
756 foreach (var merklePair in queuedMerkleNodes)
758 var merkleNode = merklePair.Value;
760 if (!SaveMerkleNode(ref merkleNode))
762 // Unable to save merkle tree cursor.
766 savedMerkleNodes.Add(merklePair.Key, merkleNode);
769 // Write queued transaction changes
770 var newOutpointItems = new List<TxOutItem>();
771 var updatedOutpointItems = new List<TxOutItem>();
772 foreach (var outPair in queuedOutputs)
774 var outItem = outPair.Value;
776 if (outItem.nMerkleNodeID == -1)
778 // This outpoint doesn't exist yet, adding to insert list.
780 outItem.nMerkleNodeID = savedMerkleNodes[outPair.Key.hash].nMerkleNodeID;
781 newOutpointItems.Add(outItem);
785 // This outpount already exists, adding to update list.
787 updatedOutpointItems.Add(outItem);
791 if (updatedOutpointItems.Count != 0 && !UpdateOutpoints(ref updatedOutpointItems))
793 return false; // Unable to update outpoints
796 if (newOutpointItems.Count != 0 && !InsertOutpoints(ref newOutpointItems))
798 return false; // Unable to insert outpoints
805 /// Insert set of new outpoints
807 /// <param name="newOutpointItems">List of TxOutItem objects.</param>
808 /// <returns>Result</returns>
809 private bool InsertOutpoints(ref List<TxOutItem> newOutpointItems)
811 return (dbConn.InsertAll(newOutpointItems, false) != 0);
816 /// Update set of outpoints
818 /// <param name="queuedOutpointItems">List of TxOutItem objects.</param>
819 /// <returns>Result</returns>
820 private bool UpdateOutpoints(ref List<TxOutItem> updatedOutpointItems)
822 return (dbConn.UpdateAll(updatedOutpointItems, false) != 0);
826 /// Insert merkle node into db and set actual record id value.
828 /// <param name="merkleNode">Merkle node object reference.</param>
829 /// <returns>Result</returns>
830 private bool SaveMerkleNode(ref CMerkleNode merkleNode)
832 if (dbConn.Insert(merkleNode) == 0)
837 merkleNode.nMerkleNodeID = dbPlatform.SQLiteApi.LastInsertRowid(dbConn.Handle);
842 private bool ConnectInputs(CTransaction tx, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> inputs, ref Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> queued, ref CBlockStoreItem cursorBlock, bool fBlock, bool fScriptChecks, scriptflag scriptFlags)
844 // Take over previous transactions' spent items
845 // fBlock is true when this is called from AcceptBlock when a new best-block is added to the blockchain
851 for (uint i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++)
853 var prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
854 Contract.Assert(inputs.ContainsKey(prevout));
855 var input = inputs[prevout];
857 CBlockStoreItem parentBlockCursor;
859 if (input.nMerkleNodeID == -1)
861 // This input seems as is confirmed by the same block.
863 if (!queued.ContainsKey(prevout))
865 return false; // No such output has been queued by this block.
868 // TODO: Ensure that neither coinbase nor coinstake outputs are
869 // available for spending in the generation block.
873 // This input has been confirmed by one of the earlier accepted blocks.
875 var merkleItem = GetMerkleCursor(input, out parentBlockCursor);
877 if (merkleItem == null)
879 return false; // Unable to find merkle node
882 // If prev is coinbase or coinstake, check that it's matured
883 if (merkleItem.IsCoinBase || merkleItem.IsCoinStake)
885 if (cursorBlock.nHeight - parentBlockCursor.nHeight < NetInfo.nGeneratedMaturity)
887 return false; // tried to spend non-matured generation input.
891 // check transaction timestamp
892 if (merkleItem.nTime > tx.nTime)
894 return false; // transaction timestamp earlier than input transaction
898 // Check for negative or overflow input values
899 nValueIn += input.nValue;
900 if (!CTransaction.MoneyRange(input.nValue) || !CTransaction.MoneyRange(nValueIn))
902 return false; // txin values out of range
907 // The first loop above does all the inexpensive checks.
908 // Only if ALL inputs pass do we perform expensive ECDSA signature checks.
909 // Helps prevent CPU exhaustion attacks.
910 for (int i = 0; i < tx.vin.Length; i++)
912 var prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
913 Contract.Assert(inputs.ContainsKey(prevout));
914 var input = inputs[prevout];
916 // Check for conflicts (double-spend)
922 // Skip ECDSA signature verification when connecting blocks (fBlock=true)
923 // before the last blockchain checkpoint. This is safe because block merkle hashes are
924 // still computed and checked, and any change will be caught at the next checkpoint.
928 if (!ScriptCode.VerifyScript(tx.vin[i].scriptSig, input.scriptPubKey, tx, i, (int)scriptflag.SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH, 0))
930 return false; // VerifyScript failed.
934 // Mark outpoint as spent
935 input.IsSpent = true;
936 inputs[prevout] = input;
941 if (input.nMerkleNodeID != -1)
943 // Input has been confirmed earlier.
944 queued.Add(prevout, input);
948 // Input has been confirmed by current block.
949 queued[prevout] = input;
956 // ppcoin: coin stake tx earns reward instead of paying fee
958 if (!tx.GetCoinAge(ref inputs, out nCoinAge))
960 return false; // unable to get coin age for coinstake
963 ulong nReward = tx.nValueOut - nValueIn;
965 ulong nCalculatedReward = CBlock.GetProofOfStakeReward(nCoinAge, cursorBlock.nBits, tx.nTime) - tx.GetMinFee(1, false, CTransaction.MinFeeMode.GMF_BLOCK) + CTransaction.nCent;
967 if (nReward > nCalculatedReward)
969 return false; // coinstake pays too much
974 if (nValueIn < tx.nValueOut)
976 return false; // value in < value out
979 // Tally transaction fees
980 ulong nTxFee = nValueIn - tx.nValueOut;
983 return false; // nTxFee < 0
988 if (!CTransaction.MoneyRange(nFees))
990 return false; // nFees out of range
1001 /// Set new top node or current best chain.
1003 /// <param name="cursor"></param>
1004 /// <returns></returns>
1005 private bool UpdateTopChain(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
1007 ChainParams.HashBestChain = cursor.Hash;
1008 ChainParams.nBestChainTrust = cursor.nChainTrust;
1009 ChainParams.nBestHeight = cursor.nHeight;
1011 return dbConn.Update(ChainParams) != 0;
1015 /// Try to find proof-of-stake hash in the map.
1017 /// <param name="blockHash">Block hash</param>
1018 /// <param name="hashProofOfStake">Proof-of-stake hash</param>
1019 /// <returns>Proof-of-Stake hash value</returns>
1020 private bool GetProofOfStakeHash(uint256 blockHash, out uint256 hashProofOfStake)
1022 return mapProofOfStake.TryGetValue(blockHash, out hashProofOfStake);
1025 public bool AcceptBlock(ref CBlock block)
1027 uint256 nHash = block.header.Hash;
1029 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(nHash))
1031 // Already have this block.
1035 CBlockStoreItem prevBlockCursor = null;
1036 if (!blockMap.TryGetValue(block.header.prevHash, out prevBlockCursor))
1038 // Unable to get the cursor.
1042 var prevBlockHeader = prevBlockCursor.BlockHeader;
1044 // TODO: proof-of-work/proof-of-stake verification
1045 uint nHeight = prevBlockCursor.nHeight + 1;
1047 // Check timestamp against prev
1048 if (NetInfo.FutureDrift(block.header.nTime) < prevBlockHeader.nTime)
1050 // block's timestamp is too early
1054 // Check that all transactions are finalized
1055 foreach (var tx in block.vtx)
1057 if (!tx.IsFinal(nHeight, block.header.nTime))
1063 // TODO: Enforce rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
1065 // Write block to file.
1066 var itemTemplate = new CBlockStoreItem()
1071 itemTemplate.FillHeader(block.header);
1073 if (!AddItemToIndex(ref itemTemplate, ref block))
1084 /// GEt block by hash.
1086 /// <param name="blockHash">Block hash</param>
1087 /// <param name="block">Block object reference</param>
1088 /// <param name="nBlockPos">Block position reference</param>
1089 /// <returns>Result</returns>
1090 public bool GetBlock(uint256 blockHash, ref CBlock block, ref long nBlockPos)
1092 CBlockStoreItem cursor;
1094 if (!blockMap.TryGetValue(blockHash, out cursor))
1096 return false; // Unable to fetch block cursor
1099 nBlockPos = cursor.nBlockPos;
1101 return cursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block);
1105 /// Get block and transaction by transaction hash.
1107 /// <param name="TxID">Transaction hash</param>
1108 /// <param name="block">Block reference</param>
1109 /// <param name="nBlockPos">Block position reference</param>
1110 /// <returns>Result of operation</returns>
1111 public bool GetBlockByTransactionID(uint256 TxID, out CBlock block, out long nBlockPos)
1116 var queryResult = dbConn.Query<CBlockStoreItem>("select b.* from [BlockStorage] b left join [MerkleNodes] m on (b.[ItemID] = m.[nParentBlockID]) where m.[TransactionHash] = ?", (byte[])TxID);
1118 if (queryResult.Count == 1)
1120 CBlockStoreItem blockCursor = queryResult[0];
1122 nBlockPos = blockCursor.nBlockPos;
1124 return blockCursor.ReadFromFile(ref fStreamReadWrite, out block);
1132 public bool GetOutputs(uint256 transactionHash, out Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem> txouts, bool fUnspentOnly=true)
1136 var queryParams = new object[] { (byte[])transactionHash, fUnspentOnly ? OutputFlags.AVAILABLE : (OutputFlags.AVAILABLE | OutputFlags.SPENT) };
1137 var queryResult = dbConn.Query<TxOutItem>("select o.* from [Outputs] o left join [MerkleNodes] m on m.[nMerkleNodeID] = o.[nMerkleNodeID] where m.[TransactionHash] = ? and outputFlags = ?", queryParams);
1139 if (queryResult.Count != 0)
1141 txouts = new Dictionary<COutPoint, TxOutItem>();
1143 foreach (var o in queryResult)
1145 var outpointKey = new COutPoint(transactionHash, o.nOut);
1146 var outpointData = o;
1148 txouts.Add(outpointKey, outpointData);
1151 // There are some unspent inputs.
1155 // This transaction has been spent completely.
1160 /// Get block cursor from map.
1162 /// <param name="blockHash">block hash</param>
1163 /// <returns>Cursor or null</returns>
1164 public CBlockStoreItem GetMapCursor(uint256 blockHash)
1168 // Genesis block has zero prevHash and no parent.
1172 CBlockStoreItem cursor = null;
1173 blockMap.TryGetValue(blockHash, out cursor);
1179 /// Get merkle node cursor by output metadata.
1181 /// <param name="item">Output metadata object</param>
1182 /// <returns>Merkle node cursor or null</returns>
1183 public CMerkleNode GetMerkleCursor(TxOutItem item, out CBlockStoreItem blockCursor)
1187 // Trying to get cursor from the database.
1188 var QueryMerkleCursor = dbConn.Query<CMerkleNode>("select * from [MerkleNodes] where [nMerkleNodeID] = ?", item.nMerkleNodeID);
1190 if (QueryMerkleCursor.Count == 1)
1192 var merkleNode = QueryMerkleCursor[0];
1195 var results = blockMap.Where(x => x.Value.ItemID == merkleNode.nParentBlockID).Select(x => x.Value).ToArray();
1197 blockCursor = results[0];
1207 /// Load cursor from database.
1209 /// <param name="blockHash">Block hash</param>
1210 /// <returns>Block cursor object</returns>
1211 public CBlockStoreItem GetDBCursor(uint256 blockHash)
1213 // Trying to get cursor from the database.
1214 var QueryBlockCursor = dbConn.Query<CBlockStoreItem>("select * from [BlockStorage] where [Hash] = ?", (byte[])blockHash);
1216 if (QueryBlockCursor.Count == 1)
1218 return QueryBlockCursor[0];
1226 /// Update cursor in memory and on disk.
1228 /// <param name="cursor">Block cursor</param>
1229 /// <returns>Result</returns>
1230 public bool UpdateMapCursor(CBlockStoreItem cursor)
1232 var original = blockMap[cursor.Hash];
1233 return blockMap.TryUpdate(cursor.Hash, cursor, original);
1237 /// Update cursor record in database.
1239 /// <param name="cursor">Block cursor object</param>
1240 /// <returns>Result</returns>
1241 public bool UpdateDBCursor(ref CBlockStoreItem cursor)
1243 return dbConn.Update(cursor) != 0;
1246 public bool ProcessBlock(ref CBlock block)
1248 var blockHash = block.header.Hash;
1250 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(blockHash))
1252 // We already have this block.
1256 if (orphanMap.ContainsKey(blockHash))
1258 // We already have block in the list of orphans.
1262 // TODO: Limited duplicity on stake and reserialization of block signature
1264 if (!block.CheckBlock(true, true, true))
1266 // Preliminary checks failure.
1270 if (block.IsProofOfStake)
1272 if (!block.SignatureOK)
1274 // Proof-of-Stake signature validation failure.
1278 // TODO: proof-of-stake validation
1280 uint256 hashProofOfStake = 0, targetProofOfStake = 0;
1281 if (!StakeModifier.CheckProofOfStake(block.vtx[1], block.header.nBits, out hashProofOfStake, out targetProofOfStake))
1283 return false; // do not error here as we expect this during initial block download
1285 if (!mapProofOfStake.ContainsKey(blockHash))
1287 // add to mapProofOfStake
1288 mapProofOfStake.TryAdd(blockHash, hashProofOfStake);
1293 // TODO: difficulty verification
1295 // If don't already have its previous block, shunt it off to holding area until we get it
1296 if (!blockMap.ContainsKey(block.header.prevHash))
1298 if (block.IsProofOfStake)
1300 // TODO: limit duplicity on stake
1303 var block2 = new CBlock(block);
1304 orphanMap.TryAdd(blockHash, block2);
1305 orphanMapByPrev.TryAdd(blockHash, block2);
1310 // Store block to disk
1311 if (!AcceptBlock(ref block))
1317 // Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one
1318 var orphansQueue = new List<uint256>();
1319 orphansQueue.Add(blockHash);
1321 for (int i = 0; i < orphansQueue.Count; i++)
1323 var hashPrev = orphansQueue[i];
1325 foreach (var pair in orphanMap)
1327 var orphanBlock = pair.Value;
1329 if (orphanBlock.header.prevHash == blockHash)
1331 if (AcceptBlock(ref orphanBlock))
1333 orphansQueue.Add(pair.Key);
1337 orphanMap.TryRemove(pair.Key, out dummy1);
1342 orphanMap.TryRemove(hashPrev, out dummy2);
1348 public bool ParseBlockFile(string BlockFile = "bootstrap.dat")
1350 // TODO: Rewrite completely.
1354 var buffer = new byte[CBlock.nMaxBlockSize]; // Max block size is 1Mb
1355 var intBuffer = new byte[4];
1357 var fStream2 = File.OpenRead(BlockFile);
1359 fStream2.Seek(nOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin); // Seek to previous offset + previous block length
1361 while (fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, 4) == 4) // Read magic number
1363 var nMagic = BitConverter.ToUInt32(buffer, 0);
1364 if (nMagic != 0xe5e9e8e4)
1366 throw new Exception("Incorrect magic number.");
1369 var nBytesRead = fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, 4);
1370 if (nBytesRead != 4)
1372 throw new Exception("BLKSZ EOF");
1375 var nBlockSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
1377 nOffset = fStream2.Position;
1379 nBytesRead = fStream2.Read(buffer, 0, nBlockSize);
1381 if (nBytesRead == 0 || nBytesRead != nBlockSize)
1383 throw new Exception("BLK EOF");
1386 var block = new CBlock(buffer);
1387 var hash = block.header.Hash;
1389 if (blockMap.ContainsKey(hash))
1394 if (!ProcessBlock(ref block))
1396 throw new Exception("Invalid block: " + block.header.Hash);
1399 int nCount = blockMap.Count;
1400 Console.WriteLine("nCount={0}, Hash={1}, NumTx={2}, Time={3}", nCount, block.header.Hash, block.vtx.Length, DateTime.Now); // Commit on each 100th block
1403 if (nCount % 100 == 0 && nCount != 0)
1405 Console.WriteLine("Commit...");
1407 dbConn.BeginTransaction();
1419 public void Dispose()
1422 GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
1425 protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
1431 // Free other state (managed objects).
1433 fStreamReadWrite.Dispose();