1 Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 Copyright (c) 2011 Bitcoin Developers
3 Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
4 file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5 This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in
6 the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/). This product includes
7 cryptographic software written by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com) and UPnP
8 software written by Thomas Bernard.
18 make -f makefile.unix # Headless bitcoin
20 See readme-qt.rst for instructions on building Bitcoin QT,
21 the graphical bitcoin.
26 Library Purpose Description
27 ------- ------- -----------
28 libssl SSL Support Secure communications
29 libdb4.8 Berkeley DB Blockchain & wallet storage
30 libboost Boost C++ Library
31 miinupnpc UPnP Support Optional firewall-jumping support
33 miniupnpc may be used for UPnP port mapping. It can be downloaded from
34 http://miniupnp.tuxfamily.org/files/. UPnP support is compiled in and
35 turned off by default. Set USE_UPNP to a different value to control this:
36 USE_UPNP= No UPnP support - miniupnp not required
37 USE_UPNP=0 (the default) UPnP support turned off by default at runtime
38 USE_UPNP=1 UPnP support turned on by default at runtime
40 Licenses of statically linked libraries:
41 Berkeley DB New BSD license with additional requirement that linked
42 software must be free open source
43 Boost MIT-like license
44 miniupnpc New (3-clause) BSD license
46 Versions used in this release:
54 Dependency Build Instructions: Ubuntu & Debian
55 ----------------------------------------------
56 sudo apt-get install build-essential
57 sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
58 sudo apt-get install libdb4.8-dev
59 sudo apt-get install libdb4.8++-dev
60 Boost 1.40+: sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev
61 or Boost 1.37: sudo apt-get install libboost1.37-dev
63 If using Boost 1.37, append -mt to the boost libraries in the makefile.
66 Dependency Build Instructions: Gentoo
67 -------------------------------------
68 emerge -av net-libs/miniupnpc boost openssl sys-libs/db
70 Then take the following steps to build:
72 sed -i 's/<db_cxx.h>/<db4.8\/db_cxx.h>/' *.h # path fix
73 sed -i 's/-Bstatic/-Bdynamic/' makefile.unix # dynamic linking
74 sed -i 's/^USE_UPNP:=0$/USE_UPNP:=/' makefile.unix # disable UPnP
81 The release is built with GCC and then "strip bitcoind" to strip the debug
82 symbols, which reduces the executable size by about 90%.
87 tar -xzvf miniupnpc-1.6.tar.gz
96 You need Berkeley DB 4.8. If you have to build Berkeley DB yourself:
97 ../dist/configure --enable-cxx
103 If you need to build Boost yourself:
111 To help make your bitcoin installation more secure by making certain attacks impossible to
112 exploit even if a vulnerability is found, you can take the following measures:
114 * Position Independent Executable
115 Build position independent code to take advantage of Address Space Layout Randomization
116 offered by some kernels. An attacker who is able to cause execution of code at an arbitrary
117 memory location is thwarted if he doesn't know where anything useful is located.
118 The stack and heap are randomly located by default but this allows the code section to be
119 randomly located as well.
121 On an Amd64 processor where a library was not compiled with -fPIC, this will cause an error
122 such as: "relocation R_X86_64_32 against `......' can not be used when making a shared object;"
124 To build with PIE, use:
125 make -f makefile.unix ... -e PIE=1
127 To test that you have built PIE executable, install scanelf, part of paxutils, and use:
130 The output should contain:
134 * Non-executable Stack
135 If the stack is executable then trivial stack based buffer overflow exploits are possible if
136 vulnerable buffers are found. By default, bitcoin should be built with a non-executable stack
137 but if one of the libraries it uses asks for an executable stack or someone makes a mistake
138 and uses a compiler extension which requires an executable stack, it will silently build an
139 executable without the non-executable stack protection.
141 To verify that the stack is non-executable after compiling use:
144 the output should contain:
148 The STK RW- means that the stack is readable and writeable but not executable.