src/db.cpp

   1 // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
   2 // Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
   3 // Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
   4 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
   5
   6 #include "headers.h"
   7 #include "db.h"
   8 #include "net.h"
   9 #include <boost/version.hpp>
  10 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
  11 #include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
  12
  13 using namespace std;
  14 using namespace boost;
  15
  16
  17 unsigned int nWalletDBUpdated;
  18 uint64 nAccountingEntryNumber = 0;
  19
  20
  21
  22 //
  23 // CDB
  24 //
  25
  26 static CCriticalSection cs_db;
  27 static bool fDbEnvInit = false;
  28 DbEnv dbenv(0);
  29 static map<string, int> mapFileUseCount;
  30 static map<string, Db*> mapDb;
  31 static int64 nTxn = 0;
  32
  33 static void EnvShutdown()
  34 {
  35     if (!fDbEnvInit)
  36         return;
  37
  38     fDbEnvInit = false;
  39     try
  40     {
  41         dbenv.close(0);
  42     }
  43     catch (const DbException& e)
  44     {
  45         printf("EnvShutdown exception: %s (%d)\n", e.what(), e.get_errno());
  46     }
  47     DbEnv(0).remove(GetDataDir().c_str(), 0);
  48 }
  49
  50 class CDBInit
  51 {
  52 public:
  53     CDBInit()
  54     {
  55     }
  56     ~CDBInit()
  57     {
  58         EnvShutdown();
  59     }
  60 }
  61 instance_of_cdbinit;
  62
  63
  64 CDB::CDB(const char* pszFile, const char* pszMode) : pdb(NULL)
  65 {
  66     int ret;
  67     if (pszFile == NULL)
  68         return;
  69
  70     fReadOnly = (!strchr(pszMode, '+') && !strchr(pszMode, 'w'));
  71     bool fCreate = strchr(pszMode, 'c');
  72     unsigned int nFlags = DB_THREAD;
  73     if (fCreate)
  74         nFlags |= DB_CREATE;
  75
  76     CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
  77     {
  78         if (!fDbEnvInit)
  79         {
  80             if (fShutdown)
  81                 return;
  82             string strDataDir = GetDataDir();
  83             string strLogDir = strDataDir + "/database";
  84             filesystem::create_directory(strLogDir.c_str());
  85             string strErrorFile = strDataDir + "/db.log";
  86             printf("dbenv.open strLogDir=%s strErrorFile=%s\n", strLogDir.c_str(), strErrorFile.c_str());
  87
  88             int nDbCache = GetArg("-dbcache", 25);
  89             dbenv.set_lg_dir(strLogDir.c_str());
  90             dbenv.set_cachesize(nDbCache / 1024, (nDbCache % 1024)*1048576, 1);
  91             dbenv.set_lg_bsize(1048576);
  92             dbenv.set_lg_max(10485760);
  93             dbenv.set_lk_max_locks(10000);
  94             dbenv.set_lk_max_objects(10000);
  95             dbenv.set_errfile(fopen(strErrorFile.c_str(), "a")); /// debug
  96             dbenv.set_flags(DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 1);
  97             dbenv.log_set_config(DB_LOG_AUTO_REMOVE, 1);
  98             ret = dbenv.open(strDataDir.c_str(),
  99                              DB_CREATE     |
 100                              DB_INIT_LOCK  |
 101                              DB_INIT_LOG   |
 102                              DB_INIT_MPOOL |
 103                              DB_INIT_TXN   |
 104                              DB_THREAD     |
 105                              DB_RECOVER,
 106                              S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
 107             if (ret > 0)
 108                 throw runtime_error(strprintf("CDB() : error %d opening database environment", ret));
 109             fDbEnvInit = true;
 110         }
 111
 112         strFile = pszFile;
 113         ++mapFileUseCount[strFile];
 114         pdb = mapDb[strFile];
 115         if (pdb == NULL)
 116         {
 117             pdb = new Db(&dbenv, 0);
 118
 119             ret = pdb->open(NULL,      // Txn pointer
 120                             pszFile,   // Filename
 121                             "main",    // Logical db name
 122                             DB_BTREE,  // Database type
 123                             nFlags,    // Flags
 124                             0);
 125
 126             if (ret > 0)
 127             {
 128                 delete pdb;
 129                 pdb = NULL;
 130                 CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
 131                     --mapFileUseCount[strFile];
 132                 strFile = "";
 133                 throw runtime_error(strprintf("CDB() : can't open database file %s, error %d", pszFile, ret));
 134             }
 135
 136             if (fCreate && !Exists(string("version")))
 137             {
 138                 bool fTmp = fReadOnly;
 139                 fReadOnly = false;
 140                 WriteVersion(CLIENT_VERSION);
 141                 fReadOnly = fTmp;
 142             }
 143
 144             mapDb[strFile] = pdb;
 145         }
 146     }
 147 }
 148
 149 void CDB::Close()
 150 {
 151     if (!pdb)
 152         return;
 153     if (!vTxn.empty())
 154         vTxn.front()->abort();
 155     vTxn.clear();
 156     pdb = NULL;
 157
 158     // Flush database activity from memory pool to disk log
 159     unsigned int nMinutes = 0;
 160     if (fReadOnly)
 161         nMinutes = 1;
 162     if (strFile == "addr.dat")
 163         nMinutes = 2;
 164     if (strFile == "blkindex.dat" && IsInitialBlockDownload())
 165         nMinutes = 5;
 166
 167     if (nMinutes == 0 || nTxn > 200000)
 168     {
 169         nTxn = 0;
 170         nMinutes = 0;
 171     }
 172
 173     dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, nMinutes, 0);
 174
 175     CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
 176         --mapFileUseCount[strFile];
 177 }
 178
 179 void static CloseDb(const string& strFile)
 180 {
 181     CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
 182     {
 183         if (mapDb[strFile] != NULL)
 184         {
 185             // Close the database handle
 186             Db* pdb = mapDb[strFile];
 187             pdb->close(0);
 188             delete pdb;
 189             mapDb[strFile] = NULL;
 190         }
 191     }
 192 }
 193
 194 bool CDB::Rewrite(const string& strFile, const char* pszSkip)
 195 {
 196     while (!fShutdown)
 197     {
 198         CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
 199         {
 200             if (!mapFileUseCount.count(strFile) || mapFileUseCount[strFile] == 0)
 201             {
 202                 // Flush log data to the dat file
 203                 CloseDb(strFile);
 204                 dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, 0, 0);
 205                 dbenv.lsn_reset(strFile.c_str(), 0);
 206                 mapFileUseCount.erase(strFile);
 207
 208                 bool fSuccess = true;
 209                 printf("Rewriting %s...\n", strFile.c_str());
 210                 string strFileRes = strFile + ".rewrite";
 211                 { // surround usage of db with extra {}
 212                     CDB db(strFile.c_str(), "r");
 213                     Db* pdbCopy = new Db(&dbenv, 0);
 214
 215                     int ret = pdbCopy->open(NULL,                 // Txn pointer
 216                                             strFileRes.c_str(),   // Filename
 217                                             "main",    // Logical db name
 218                                             DB_BTREE,  // Database type
 219                                             DB_CREATE,    // Flags
 220                                             0);
 221                     if (ret > 0)
 222                     {
 223                         printf("Cannot create database file %s\n", strFileRes.c_str());
 224                         fSuccess = false;
 225                     }
 226
 227                     Dbc* pcursor = db.GetCursor();
 228                     if (pcursor)
 229                         while (fSuccess)
 230                         {
 231                             CDataStream ssKey;
 232                             CDataStream ssValue;
 233                             int ret = db.ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, DB_NEXT);
 234                             if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
 235                             {
 236                                 pcursor->close();
 237                                 break;
 238                             }
 239                             else if (ret != 0)
 240                             {
 241                                 pcursor->close();
 242                                 fSuccess = false;
 243                                 break;
 244                             }
 245                             if (pszSkip &&
 246                                 strncmp(&ssKey[0], pszSkip, std::min(ssKey.size(), strlen(pszSkip))) == 0)
 247                                 continue;
 248                             if (strncmp(&ssKey[0], "\x07version", 8) == 0)
 249                             {
 250                                 // Update version:
 251                                 ssValue.clear();
 252                                 ssValue << CLIENT_VERSION;
 253                             }
 254                             Dbt datKey(&ssKey[0], ssKey.size());
 255                             Dbt datValue(&ssValue[0], ssValue.size());
 256                             int ret2 = pdbCopy->put(NULL, &datKey, &datValue, DB_NOOVERWRITE);
 257                             if (ret2 > 0)
 258                                 fSuccess = false;
 259                         }
 260                     if (fSuccess)
 261                     {
 262                         db.Close();
 263                         CloseDb(strFile);
 264                         if (pdbCopy->close(0))
 265                             fSuccess = false;
 266                         delete pdbCopy;
 267                     }
 268                 }
 269                 if (fSuccess)
 270                 {
 271                     Db dbA(&dbenv, 0);
 272                     if (dbA.remove(strFile.c_str(), NULL, 0))
 273                         fSuccess = false;
 274                     Db dbB(&dbenv, 0);
 275                     if (dbB.rename(strFileRes.c_str(), NULL, strFile.c_str(), 0))
 276                         fSuccess = false;
 277                 }
 278                 if (!fSuccess)
 279                     printf("Rewriting of %s FAILED!\n", strFileRes.c_str());
 280                 return fSuccess;
 281             }
 282         }
 283         Sleep(100);
 284     }
 285     return false;
 286 }
 287
 288
 289 void DBFlush(bool fShutdown)
 290 {
 291     // Flush log data to the actual data file
 292     //  on all files that are not in use
 293     printf("DBFlush(%s)%s\n", fShutdown ? "true" : "false", fDbEnvInit ? "" : " db not started");
 294     if (!fDbEnvInit)
 295         return;
 296     CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
 297     {
 298         map<string, int>::iterator mi = mapFileUseCount.begin();
 299         while (mi != mapFileUseCount.end())
 300         {
 301             string strFile = (*mi).first;
 302             int nRefCount = (*mi).second;
 303             printf("%s refcount=%d\n", strFile.c_str(), nRefCount);
 304             if (nRefCount == 0)
 305             {
 306                 // Move log data to the dat file
 307                 CloseDb(strFile);
 308                 dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, 0, 0);
 309                 printf("%s flush\n", strFile.c_str());
 310                 dbenv.lsn_reset(strFile.c_str(), 0);
 311                 mapFileUseCount.erase(mi++);
 312             }
 313             else
 314                 mi++;
 315         }
 316         if (fShutdown)
 317         {
 318             char** listp;
 319             if (mapFileUseCount.empty())
 320             {
 321                 dbenv.log_archive(&listp, DB_ARCH_REMOVE);
 322                 EnvShutdown();
 323             }
 324         }
 325     }
 326 }
 327
 328
 329
 330
 331
 332
 333 //
 334 // CTxDB
 335 //
 336
 337 bool CTxDB::ReadTxIndex(uint256 hash, CTxIndex& txindex)
 338 {
 339     assert(!fClient);
 340     txindex.SetNull();
 341     return Read(make_pair(string("tx"), hash), txindex);
 342 }
 343
 344 bool CTxDB::UpdateTxIndex(uint256 hash, const CTxIndex& txindex)
 345 {
 346     assert(!fClient);
 347     nTxn++;
 348     return Write(make_pair(string("tx"), hash), txindex);
 349 }
 350
 351 bool CTxDB::AddTxIndex(const CTransaction& tx, const CDiskTxPos& pos, int nHeight)
 352 {
 353     assert(!fClient);
 354
 355     // Add to tx index
 356     uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
 357     CTxIndex txindex(pos, tx.vout.size());
 358     nTxn++;
 359     return Write(make_pair(string("tx"), hash), txindex);
 360 }
 361
 362 bool CTxDB::EraseTxIndex(const CTransaction& tx)
 363 {
 364     assert(!fClient);
 365     uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
 366
 367     return Erase(make_pair(string("tx"), hash));
 368 }
 369
 370 bool CTxDB::ContainsTx(uint256 hash)
 371 {
 372     assert(!fClient);
 373     return Exists(make_pair(string("tx"), hash));
 374 }
 375
 376 bool CTxDB::ReadOwnerTxes(uint160 hash160, int nMinHeight, vector<CTransaction>& vtx)
 377 {
 378     assert(!fClient);
 379     vtx.clear();
 380
 381     // Get cursor
 382     Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
 383     if (!pcursor)
 384         return false;
 385
 386     unsigned int fFlags = DB_SET_RANGE;
 387     loop
 388     {
 389         // Read next record
 390         CDataStream ssKey;
 391         if (fFlags == DB_SET_RANGE)
 392             ssKey << string("owner") << hash160 << CDiskTxPos(0, 0, 0);
 393         CDataStream ssValue;
 394         int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, fFlags);
 395         fFlags = DB_NEXT;
 396         if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
 397             break;
 398         else if (ret != 0)
 399         {
 400             pcursor->close();
 401             return false;
 402         }
 403
 404         // Unserialize
 405         string strType;
 406         uint160 hashItem;
 407         CDiskTxPos pos;
 408         int nItemHeight;
 409
 410         try {
 411             ssKey >> strType >> hashItem >> pos;
 412             ssValue >> nItemHeight;
 413         }
 414         catch (std::exception &e) {
 415             return error("%s() : deserialize error", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
 416         }
 417
 418         // Read transaction
 419         if (strType != "owner" || hashItem != hash160)
 420             break;
 421         if (nItemHeight >= nMinHeight)
 422         {
 423             vtx.resize(vtx.size()+1);
 424             if (!vtx.back().ReadFromDisk(pos))
 425             {
 426                 pcursor->close();
 427                 return false;
 428             }
 429         }
 430     }
 431
 432     pcursor->close();
 433     return true;
 434 }
 435
 436 bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(uint256 hash, CTransaction& tx, CTxIndex& txindex)
 437 {
 438     assert(!fClient);
 439     tx.SetNull();
 440     if (!ReadTxIndex(hash, txindex))
 441         return false;
 442     return (tx.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos));
 443 }
 444
 445 bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(uint256 hash, CTransaction& tx)
 446 {
 447     CTxIndex txindex;
 448     return ReadDiskTx(hash, tx, txindex);
 449 }
 450
 451 bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(COutPoint outpoint, CTransaction& tx, CTxIndex& txindex)
 452 {
 453     return ReadDiskTx(outpoint.hash, tx, txindex);
 454 }
 455
 456 bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(COutPoint outpoint, CTransaction& tx)
 457 {
 458     CTxIndex txindex;
 459     return ReadDiskTx(outpoint.hash, tx, txindex);
 460 }
 461
 462 bool CTxDB::WriteBlockIndex(const CDiskBlockIndex& blockindex)
 463 {
 464     return Write(make_pair(string("blockindex"), blockindex.GetBlockHash()), blockindex);
 465 }
 466
 467 bool CTxDB::EraseBlockIndex(uint256 hash)
 468 {
 469     return Erase(make_pair(string("blockindex"), hash));
 470 }
 471
 472 bool CTxDB::ReadHashBestChain(uint256& hashBestChain)
 473 {
 474     return Read(string("hashBestChain"), hashBestChain);
 475 }
 476
 477 bool CTxDB::WriteHashBestChain(uint256 hashBestChain)
 478 {
 479     return Write(string("hashBestChain"), hashBestChain);
 480 }
 481
 482 bool CTxDB::ReadBestInvalidWork(CBigNum& bnBestInvalidWork)
 483 {
 484     return Read(string("bnBestInvalidWork"), bnBestInvalidWork);
 485 }
 486
 487 bool CTxDB::WriteBestInvalidWork(CBigNum bnBestInvalidWork)
 488 {
 489     return Write(string("bnBestInvalidWork"), bnBestInvalidWork);
 490 }
 491
 492 CBlockIndex static * InsertBlockIndex(uint256 hash)
 493 {
 494     if (hash == 0)
 495         return NULL;
 496
 497     // Return existing
 498     map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
 499     if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
 500         return (*mi).second;
 501
 502     // Create new
 503     CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex();
 504     if (!pindexNew)
 505         throw runtime_error("LoadBlockIndex() : new CBlockIndex failed");
 506     mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
 507     pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
 508
 509     return pindexNew;
 510 }
 511
 512 bool CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex()
 513 {
 514     // Get database cursor
 515     Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
 516     if (!pcursor)
 517         return false;
 518
 519     // Load mapBlockIndex
 520     unsigned int fFlags = DB_SET_RANGE;
 521     loop
 522     {
 523         // Read next record
 524         CDataStream ssKey;
 525         if (fFlags == DB_SET_RANGE)
 526             ssKey << make_pair(string("blockindex"), uint256(0));
 527         CDataStream ssValue;
 528         int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, fFlags);
 529         fFlags = DB_NEXT;
 530         if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
 531             break;
 532         else if (ret != 0)
 533             return false;
 534
 535         // Unserialize
 536
 537         try {
 538         string strType;
 539         ssKey >> strType;
 540         if (strType == "blockindex")
 541         {
 542             CDiskBlockIndex diskindex;
 543             ssValue >> diskindex;
 544
 545             // Construct block index object
 546             CBlockIndex* pindexNew = InsertBlockIndex(diskindex.GetBlockHash());
 547             pindexNew->pprev          = InsertBlockIndex(diskindex.hashPrev);
 548             pindexNew->pnext          = InsertBlockIndex(diskindex.hashNext);
 549             pindexNew->nFile          = diskindex.nFile;
 550             pindexNew->nBlockPos      = diskindex.nBlockPos;
 551             pindexNew->nHeight        = diskindex.nHeight;
 552             pindexNew->nVersion       = diskindex.nVersion;
 553             pindexNew->hashMerkleRoot = diskindex.hashMerkleRoot;
 554             pindexNew->nTime          = diskindex.nTime;
 555             pindexNew->nBits          = diskindex.nBits;
 556             pindexNew->nNonce         = diskindex.nNonce;
 557
 558             // Watch for genesis block
 559             if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL && diskindex.GetBlockHash() == hashGenesisBlock)
 560                 pindexGenesisBlock = pindexNew;
 561
 562             if (!pindexNew->CheckIndex())
 563                 return error("LoadBlockIndex() : CheckIndex failed at %d", pindexNew->nHeight);
 564         }
 565         else
 566         {
 567             break;
 568         }
 569         }    // try
 570         catch (std::exception &e) {
 571             return error("%s() : deserialize error", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
 572         }
 573     }
 574     pcursor->close();
 575
 576     // Calculate bnChainWork
 577     vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vSortedByHeight;
 578     vSortedByHeight.reserve(mapBlockIndex.size());
 579     BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CBlockIndex*)& item, mapBlockIndex)
 580     {
 581         CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
 582         vSortedByHeight.push_back(make_pair(pindex->nHeight, pindex));
 583     }
 584     sort(vSortedByHeight.begin(), vSortedByHeight.end());
 585     BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(int, CBlockIndex*)& item, vSortedByHeight)
 586     {
 587         CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
 588         pindex->bnChainWork = (pindex->pprev ? pindex->pprev->bnChainWork : 0) + pindex->GetBlockWork();
 589     }
 590
 591     // Load hashBestChain pointer to end of best chain
 592     if (!ReadHashBestChain(hashBestChain))
 593     {
 594         if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL)
 595             return true;
 596         return error("CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex() : hashBestChain not loaded");
 597     }
 598     if (!mapBlockIndex.count(hashBestChain))
 599         return error("CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex() : hashBestChain not found in the block index");
 600     pindexBest = mapBlockIndex[hashBestChain];
 601     nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
 602     bnBestChainWork = pindexBest->bnChainWork;
 603     printf("LoadBlockIndex(): hashBestChain=%s  height=%d\n", hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), nBestHeight);
 604
 605     // Load bnBestInvalidWork, OK if it doesn't exist
 606     ReadBestInvalidWork(bnBestInvalidWork);
 607
 608     // Verify blocks in the best chain
 609     int nCheckLevel = GetArg("-checklevel", 1);
 610     int nCheckDepth = GetArg( "-checkblocks", 2500);
 611     if (nCheckDepth == 0)
 612         nCheckDepth = 1000000000; // suffices until the year 19000
 613     if (nCheckDepth > nBestHeight)
 614         nCheckDepth = nBestHeight;
 615     printf("Verifying last %i blocks at level %i\n", nCheckDepth, nCheckLevel);
 616     CBlockIndex* pindexFork = NULL;
 617     map<pair<unsigned int, unsigned int>, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockPos;
 618     for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex && pindex->pprev; pindex = pindex->pprev)
 619     {
 620         if (pindex->nHeight < nBestHeight-nCheckDepth)
 621             break;
 622         CBlock block;
 623         if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
 624             return error("LoadBlockIndex() : block.ReadFromDisk failed");
 625         // check level 1: verify block validity
 626         if (nCheckLevel>0 && !block.CheckBlock())
 627         {
 628             printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** found bad block at %d, hash=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
 629             pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 630         }
 631         // check level 2: verify transaction index validity
 632         if (nCheckLevel>1)
 633         {
 634             pair<unsigned int, unsigned int> pos = make_pair(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos);
 635             mapBlockPos[pos] = pindex;
 636             BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, block.vtx)
 637             {
 638                 uint256 hashTx = tx.GetHash();
 639                 CTxIndex txindex;
 640                 if (ReadTxIndex(hashTx, txindex))
 641                 {
 642                     // check level 3: checker transaction hashes
 643                     if (nCheckLevel>2 || pindex->nFile != txindex.pos.nFile || pindex->nBlockPos != txindex.pos.nBlockPos)
 644                     {
 645                         // either an error or a duplicate transaction
 646                         CTransaction txFound;
 647                         if (!txFound.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos))
 648                         {
 649                             printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** cannot read mislocated transaction %s\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str());
 650                             pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 651                         }
 652                         else
 653                             if (txFound.GetHash() != hashTx) // not a duplicate tx
 654                             {
 655                                 printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** invalid tx position for %s\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str());
 656                                 pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 657                             }
 658                     }
 659                     // check level 4: check whether spent txouts were spent within the main chain
 660                     int nOutput = 0;
 661                     if (nCheckLevel>3)
 662                     {
 663                         BOOST_FOREACH(const CDiskTxPos &txpos, txindex.vSpent)
 664                         {
 665                             if (!txpos.IsNull())
 666                             {
 667                                 pair<unsigned int, unsigned int> posFind = make_pair(txpos.nFile, txpos.nBlockPos);
 668                                 if (!mapBlockPos.count(posFind))
 669                                 {
 670                                     printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** found bad spend at %d, hashBlock=%s, hashTx=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str(), hashTx.ToString().c_str());
 671                                     pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 672                                 }
 673                                 // check level 6: check whether spent txouts were spent by a valid transaction that consume them
 674                                 if (nCheckLevel>5)
 675                                 {
 676                                     CTransaction txSpend;
 677                                     if (!txSpend.ReadFromDisk(txpos))
 678                                     {
 679                                         printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** cannot read spending transaction of %s:%i from disk\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str(), nOutput);
 680                                         pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 681                                     }
 682                                     else if (!txSpend.CheckTransaction())
 683                                     {
 684                                         printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** spending transaction of %s:%i is invalid\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str(), nOutput);
 685                                         pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 686                                     }
 687                                     else
 688                                     {
 689                                         bool fFound = false;
 690                                         BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, txSpend.vin)
 691                                             if (txin.prevout.hash == hashTx && txin.prevout.n == nOutput)
 692                                                 fFound = true;
 693                                         if (!fFound)
 694                                         {
 695                                             printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** spending transaction of %s:%i does not spend it\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str(), nOutput);
 696                                             pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 697                                         }
 698                                     }
 699                                 }
 700                             }
 701                             nOutput++;
 702                         }
 703                     }
 704                 }
 705                 // check level 5: check whether all prevouts are marked spent
 706                 if (nCheckLevel>4)
 707                 {
 708                      BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, tx.vin)
 709                      {
 710                           CTxIndex txindex;
 711                           if (ReadTxIndex(txin.prevout.hash, txindex))
 712                               if (txindex.vSpent.size()-1 < txin.prevout.n || txindex.vSpent[txin.prevout.n].IsNull())
 713                               {
 714                                   printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** found unspent prevout %s:%i in %s\n", txin.prevout.hash.ToString().c_str(), txin.prevout.n, hashTx.ToString().c_str());
 715                                   pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
 716                               }
 717                      }
 718                 }
 719             }
 720         }
 721     }
 722     if (pindexFork)
 723     {
 724         // Reorg back to the fork
 725         printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** moving best chain pointer back to block %d\n", pindexFork->nHeight);
 726         CBlock block;
 727         if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindexFork))
 728             return error("LoadBlockIndex() : block.ReadFromDisk failed");
 729         CTxDB txdb;
 730         block.SetBestChain(txdb, pindexFork);
 731     }
 732
 733     return true;
 734 }
 735
 736
 737
 738
 739
 740 //
 741 // CAddrDB
 742 //
 743
 744 bool CAddrDB::WriteAddrman(const CAddrMan& addrman)
 745 {
 746     return Write(string("addrman"), addrman);
 747 }
 748
 749 bool CAddrDB::LoadAddresses()
 750 {
 751     if (Read(string("addrman"), addrman))
 752     {
 753         printf("Loaded %i addresses\n", addrman.size());
 754         return true;
 755     }
 756
 757     // Read pre-0.6 addr records
 758
 759     vector<CAddress> vAddr;
 760     vector<vector<unsigned char> > vDelete;
 761
 762     // Get cursor
 763     Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
 764     if (!pcursor)
 765         return false;
 766
 767     loop
 768     {
 769         // Read next record
 770         CDataStream ssKey;
 771         CDataStream ssValue;
 772         int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue);
 773         if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
 774             break;
 775         else if (ret != 0)
 776             return false;
 777
 778         // Unserialize
 779         string strType;
 780         ssKey >> strType;
 781         if (strType == "addr")
 782         {
 783             CAddress addr;
 784             ssValue >> addr;
 785             vAddr.push_back(addr);
 786         }
 787     }
 788     pcursor->close();
 789
 790     addrman.Add(vAddr, CNetAddr("0.0.0.0"));
 791     printf("Loaded %i addresses\n", addrman.size());
 792
 793     // Note: old records left; we ran into hangs-on-startup
 794     // bugs for some users who (we think) were running after
 795     // an unclean shutdown.
 796
 797     return true;
 798 }
 799
 800 bool LoadAddresses()
 801 {
 802     return CAddrDB("cr+").LoadAddresses();
 803 }
 804
 805
 806
 807
 808 //
 809 // CWalletDB
 810 //
 811
 812 bool CWalletDB::WriteName(const string& strAddress, const string& strName)
 813 {
 814     nWalletDBUpdated++;
 815     return Write(make_pair(string("name"), strAddress), strName);
 816 }
 817
 818 bool CWalletDB::EraseName(const string& strAddress)
 819 {
 820     // This should only be used for sending addresses, never for receiving addresses,
 821     // receiving addresses must always have an address book entry if they're not change return.
 822     nWalletDBUpdated++;
 823     return Erase(make_pair(string("name"), strAddress));
 824 }
 825
 826 bool CWalletDB::ReadAccount(const string& strAccount, CAccount& account)
 827 {
 828     account.SetNull();
 829     return Read(make_pair(string("acc"), strAccount), account);
 830 }
 831
 832 bool CWalletDB::WriteAccount(const string& strAccount, const CAccount& account)
 833 {
 834     return Write(make_pair(string("acc"), strAccount), account);
 835 }
 836
 837 bool CWalletDB::WriteAccountingEntry(const CAccountingEntry& acentry)
 838 {
 839     return Write(boost::make_tuple(string("acentry"), acentry.strAccount, ++nAccountingEntryNumber), acentry);
 840 }
 841
 842 int64 CWalletDB::GetAccountCreditDebit(const string& strAccount)
 843 {
 844     list<CAccountingEntry> entries;
 845     ListAccountCreditDebit(strAccount, entries);
 846
 847     int64 nCreditDebit = 0;
 848     BOOST_FOREACH (const CAccountingEntry& entry, entries)
 849         nCreditDebit += entry.nCreditDebit;
 850
 851     return nCreditDebit;
 852 }
 853
 854 void CWalletDB::ListAccountCreditDebit(const string& strAccount, list<CAccountingEntry>& entries)
 855 {
 856     bool fAllAccounts = (strAccount == "*");
 857
 858     Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
 859     if (!pcursor)
 860         throw runtime_error("CWalletDB::ListAccountCreditDebit() : cannot create DB cursor");
 861     unsigned int fFlags = DB_SET_RANGE;
 862     loop
 863     {
 864         // Read next record
 865         CDataStream ssKey;
 866         if (fFlags == DB_SET_RANGE)
 867             ssKey << boost::make_tuple(string("acentry"), (fAllAccounts? string("") : strAccount), uint64(0));
 868         CDataStream ssValue;
 869         int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, fFlags);
 870         fFlags = DB_NEXT;
 871         if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
 872             break;
 873         else if (ret != 0)
 874         {
 875             pcursor->close();
 876             throw runtime_error("CWalletDB::ListAccountCreditDebit() : error scanning DB");
 877         }
 878
 879         // Unserialize
 880         string strType;
 881         ssKey >> strType;
 882         if (strType != "acentry")
 883             break;
 884         CAccountingEntry acentry;
 885         ssKey >> acentry.strAccount;
 886         if (!fAllAccounts && acentry.strAccount != strAccount)
 887             break;
 888
 889         ssValue >> acentry;
 890         entries.push_back(acentry);
 891     }
 892
 893     pcursor->close();
 894 }
 895
 896
 897 int CWalletDB::LoadWallet(CWallet* pwallet)
 898 {
 899     pwallet->vchDefaultKey.clear();
 900     int nFileVersion = 0;
 901     vector<uint256> vWalletUpgrade;
 902     bool fIsEncrypted = false;
 903
 904     //// todo: shouldn't we catch exceptions and try to recover and continue?
 905     CRITICAL_BLOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet)
 906     {
 907         int nMinVersion = 0;
 908         if (Read((string)"minversion", nMinVersion))
 909         {
 910             if (nMinVersion > CLIENT_VERSION)
 911                 return DB_TOO_NEW;
 912             pwallet->LoadMinVersion(nMinVersion);
 913         }
 914
 915         // Get cursor
 916         Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
 917         if (!pcursor)
 918         {
 919             printf("Error getting wallet database cursor\n");
 920             return DB_CORRUPT;
 921         }
 922
 923         loop
 924         {
 925             // Read next record
 926             CDataStream ssKey;
 927             CDataStream ssValue;
 928             int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue);
 929             if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
 930                 break;
 931             else if (ret != 0)
 932             {
 933                 printf("Error reading next record from wallet database\n");
 934                 return DB_CORRUPT;
 935             }
 936
 937             // Unserialize
 938             // Taking advantage of the fact that pair serialization
 939             // is just the two items serialized one after the other
 940             string strType;
 941             ssKey >> strType;
 942             if (strType == "name")
 943             {
 944                 string strAddress;
 945                 ssKey >> strAddress;
 946                 ssValue >> pwallet->mapAddressBook[strAddress];
 947             }
 948             else if (strType == "tx")
 949             {
 950                 uint256 hash;
 951                 ssKey >> hash;
 952                 CWalletTx& wtx = pwallet->mapWallet[hash];
 953                 ssValue >> wtx;
 954                 wtx.BindWallet(pwallet);
 955
 956                 if (wtx.GetHash() != hash)
 957                     printf("Error in wallet.dat, hash mismatch\n");
 958
 959                 // Undo serialize changes in 31600
 960                 if (31404 <= wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime && wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime <= 31703)
 961                 {
 962                     if (!ssValue.empty())
 963                     {
 964                         char fTmp;
 965                         char fUnused;
 966                         ssValue >> fTmp >> fUnused >> wtx.strFromAccount;
 967                         printf("LoadWallet() upgrading tx ver=%d %d '%s' %s\n", wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime, fTmp, wtx.strFromAccount.c_str(), hash.ToString().c_str());
 968                         wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime = fTmp;
 969                     }
 970                     else
 971                     {
 972                         printf("LoadWallet() repairing tx ver=%d %s\n", wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime, hash.ToString().c_str());
 973                         wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime = 0;
 974                     }
 975                     vWalletUpgrade.push_back(hash);
 976                 }
 977
 978                 //// debug print
 979                 //printf("LoadWallet  %s\n", wtx.GetHash().ToString().c_str());
 980                 //printf(" %12"PRI64d"  %s  %s  %s\n",
 981                 //    wtx.vout[0].nValue,
 982                 //    DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", wtx.GetBlockTime()).c_str(),
 983                 //    wtx.hashBlock.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(),
 984                 //    wtx.mapValue["message"].c_str());
 985             }
 986             else if (strType == "acentry")
 987             {
 988                 string strAccount;
 989                 ssKey >> strAccount;
 990                 uint64 nNumber;
 991                 ssKey >> nNumber;
 992                 if (nNumber > nAccountingEntryNumber)
 993                     nAccountingEntryNumber = nNumber;
 994             }
 995             else if (strType == "key" || strType == "wkey")
 996             {
 997                 vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
 998                 ssKey >> vchPubKey;
 999                 CKey key;
1000                 if (strType == "key")
1001                 {
1002                     CPrivKey pkey;
1003                     ssValue >> pkey;
1004                     key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey);
1005                     key.SetPrivKey(pkey);
1006                     if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
1007                     {
1008                         printf("Error reading wallet database: CPrivKey pubkey inconsistency\n");
1009                         return DB_CORRUPT;
1010                     }
1011                     if (!key.IsValid())
1012                     {
1013                         printf("Error reading wallet database: invalid CPrivKey\n");
1014                         return DB_CORRUPT;
1015                     }
1016                 }
1017                 else
1018                 {
1019                     CWalletKey wkey;
1020                     ssValue >> wkey;
1021                     key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey);
1022                     key.SetPrivKey(wkey.vchPrivKey);
1023                     if (key.GetPubKey() != vchPubKey)
1024                     {
1025                         printf("Error reading wallet database: CWalletKey pubkey inconsistency\n");
1026                         return DB_CORRUPT;
1027                     }
1028                     if (!key.IsValid())
1029                     {
1030                         printf("Error reading wallet database: invalid CWalletKey\n");
1031                         return DB_CORRUPT;
1032                     }
1033                 }
1034                 if (!pwallet->LoadKey(key))
1035                 {
1036                     printf("Error reading wallet database: LoadKey failed\n");
1037                     return DB_CORRUPT;
1038                 }
1039             }
1040             else if (strType == "mkey")
1041             {
1042                 unsigned int nID;
1043                 ssKey >> nID;
1044                 CMasterKey kMasterKey;
1045                 ssValue >> kMasterKey;
1046                 if(pwallet->mapMasterKeys.count(nID) != 0)
1047                 {
1048                     printf("Error reading wallet database: duplicate CMasterKey id %u\n", nID);
1049                     return DB_CORRUPT;
1050                 }
1051                 pwallet->mapMasterKeys[nID] = kMasterKey;
1052                 if (pwallet->nMasterKeyMaxID < nID)
1053                     pwallet->nMasterKeyMaxID = nID;
1054             }
1055             else if (strType == "ckey")
1056             {
1057                 vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
1058                 ssKey >> vchPubKey;
1059                 vector<unsigned char> vchPrivKey;
1060                 ssValue >> vchPrivKey;
1061                 if (!pwallet->LoadCryptedKey(vchPubKey, vchPrivKey))
1062                 {
1063                     printf("Error reading wallet database: LoadCryptedKey failed\n");
1064                     return DB_CORRUPT;
1065                 }
1066                 fIsEncrypted = true;
1067             }
1068             else if (strType == "defaultkey")
1069             {
1070                 ssValue >> pwallet->vchDefaultKey;
1071             }
1072             else if (strType == "pool")
1073             {
1074                 int64 nIndex;
1075                 ssKey >> nIndex;
1076                 pwallet->setKeyPool.insert(nIndex);
1077             }
1078             else if (strType == "version")
1079             {
1080                 ssValue >> nFileVersion;
1081                 if (nFileVersion == 10300)
1082                     nFileVersion = 300;
1083             }
1084             else if (strType == "cscript")
1085             {
1086                 uint160 hash;
1087                 ssKey >> hash;
1088                 CScript script;
1089                 ssValue >> script;
1090                 if (!pwallet->LoadCScript(script))
1091                 {
1092                     printf("Error reading wallet database: LoadCScript failed\n");
1093                     return DB_CORRUPT;
1094                 }
1095             }
1096         }
1097         pcursor->close();
1098     }
1099
1100     BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, vWalletUpgrade)
1101         WriteTx(hash, pwallet->mapWallet[hash]);
1102
1103     printf("nFileVersion = %d\n", nFileVersion);
1104
1105
1106     // Rewrite encrypted wallets of versions 0.4.0 and 0.5.0rc:
1107     if (fIsEncrypted && (nFileVersion == 40000 || nFileVersion == 50000))
1108         return DB_NEED_REWRITE;
1109
1110     if (nFileVersion < CLIENT_VERSION) // Update
1111     {
1112         // Get rid of old debug.log file in current directory
1113         if (nFileVersion <= 105 && !pszSetDataDir[0])
1114             unlink("debug.log");
1115
1116         WriteVersion(CLIENT_VERSION);
1117     }
1118
1119     return DB_LOAD_OK;
1120 }
1121
1122 void ThreadFlushWalletDB(void* parg)
1123 {
1124     const string& strFile = ((const string*)parg)[0];
1125     static bool fOneThread;
1126     if (fOneThread)
1127         return;
1128     fOneThread = true;
1129     if (!GetBoolArg("-flushwallet", true))
1130         return;
1131
1132     unsigned int nLastSeen = nWalletDBUpdated;
1133     unsigned int nLastFlushed = nWalletDBUpdated;
1134     int64 nLastWalletUpdate = GetTime();
1135     while (!fShutdown)
1136     {
1137         Sleep(500);
1138
1139         if (nLastSeen != nWalletDBUpdated)
1140         {
1141             nLastSeen = nWalletDBUpdated;
1142             nLastWalletUpdate = GetTime();
1143         }
1144
1145         if (nLastFlushed != nWalletDBUpdated && GetTime() - nLastWalletUpdate >= 2)
1146         {
1147             TRY_CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
1148             {
1149                 // Don't do this if any databases are in use
1150                 int nRefCount = 0;
1151                 map<string, int>::iterator mi = mapFileUseCount.begin();
1152                 while (mi != mapFileUseCount.end())
1153                 {
1154                     nRefCount += (*mi).second;
1155                     mi++;
1156                 }
1157
1158                 if (nRefCount == 0 && !fShutdown)
1159                 {
1160                     map<string, int>::iterator mi = mapFileUseCount.find(strFile);
1161                     if (mi != mapFileUseCount.end())
1162                     {
1163                         printf("%s ", DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", GetTime()).c_str());
1164                         printf("Flushing wallet.dat\n");
1165                         nLastFlushed = nWalletDBUpdated;
1166                         int64 nStart = GetTimeMillis();
1167
1168                         // Flush wallet.dat so it's self contained
1169                         CloseDb(strFile);
1170                         dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, 0, 0);
1171                         dbenv.lsn_reset(strFile.c_str(), 0);
1172
1173                         mapFileUseCount.erase(mi++);
1174                         printf("Flushed wallet.dat %"PRI64d"ms\n", GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
1175                     }
1176                 }
1177             }
1178         }
1179     }
1180 }
1181
1182 bool BackupWallet(const CWallet& wallet, const string& strDest)
1183 {
1184     if (!wallet.fFileBacked)
1185         return false;
1186     while (!fShutdown)
1187     {
1188         CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_db)
1189         {
1190             if (!mapFileUseCount.count(wallet.strWalletFile) || mapFileUseCount[wallet.strWalletFile] == 0)
1191             {
1192                 // Flush log data to the dat file
1193                 CloseDb(wallet.strWalletFile);
1194                 dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, 0, 0);
1195                 dbenv.lsn_reset(wallet.strWalletFile.c_str(), 0);
1196                 mapFileUseCount.erase(wallet.strWalletFile);
1197
1198                 // Copy wallet.dat
1199                 filesystem::path pathSrc(GetDataDir() + "/" + wallet.strWalletFile);
1200                 filesystem::path pathDest(strDest);
1201                 if (filesystem::is_directory(pathDest))
1202                     pathDest = pathDest / wallet.strWalletFile;
1203
1204                 try {
1205 #if BOOST_VERSION >= 104000
1206                     filesystem::copy_file(pathSrc, pathDest, filesystem::copy_option::overwrite_if_exists);
1207 #else
1208                     filesystem::copy_file(pathSrc, pathDest);
1209 #endif
1210                     printf("copied wallet.dat to %s\n", pathDest.string().c_str());
1211                     return true;
1212                 } catch(const filesystem::filesystem_error &e) {
1213                     printf("error copying wallet.dat to %s - %s\n", pathDest.string().c_str(), e.what());
1214                     return false;
1215                 }
1216             }
1217         }
1218         Sleep(100);
1219     }
1220     return false;
1221 }